Investigation on Trematodes of Ruminants: Current status, Snail intermediate hosts, and Community knowledge in and around Bishoftu, Ethiopia
| dc.contributor.advisor | Dr. Geremew Haile | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Prof. Getachew Terefe | |
| dc.contributor.author | Abraham Diriba | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-11-04T07:38:50Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-11-04T07:38:50Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The occurrence of trematode infections in ruminants, facilitated by their snail intermediate hosts, poses a major concern across the diverse agro ecological regions of Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in and around Bishoftu town from November 2023 to April 2024 to determine the current prevalence of trematode infections and associated risk factors in ruminants, identify snail intermediate hosts of trematodes and determine their infectivity through the emergence of cercariae, and assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of farmers regarding the prevention and traditional management of trematode infections. A total of 336 fecal samples were collected from cattle, sheep, and goats and subjected to copromicroscopic examination. 400 snails were collected, identified and examined for cercarial shedding. The copromicroscopic examination revealed an overall prevalence of 11.61% trematode infections in the study animals. Logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors such as species, age, body condition score (BCS), and season had significant associations with overall trematode infections. The identified genera were Fasciola (8.93%) and Paramphistomum (4.46%), with coinfection of 1.79%. Sheep had higher infection of Fasciola compared to goats and cattle, which was statistically significant (OR = 7.713, 95% CI: 2.197-27.076, p = 0.001). Cattle had higher Paramphistomum infection than sheep and goat which was statistically significant (OR = 18.403, 95% CI: 2.111-160.375, p = 0.008). Young animals had higher Paramphistomum infection compared to old animals (OR = 14.786, 95% CI: 2.295-95.276, p = 0.005). Poor body condition animals were more affected than those with medium and good body condition for both Fasciola (OR = 12.27, 95% CI: 3.097- 48.118, p = 0.000) and Paramphistomum (OR = 6.277, 95% CI: 1.147-34.363, p = 0.034). The semi-dry season was associated with higher Fasciola infection compared to dry season (OR = 3.265, 95% CI: 1.307-8.155, p = 0.011). The malacology study involved the collection of 400 snails, and revealed Lymnaea natalensis (37%), Physa spp (21.25%), Bulinus truncatus (15.75%), Lymnaea truncatula (10%), Biomphalaria pfeifferi (9.5%), and Bulinus africanus (6.5%). The overall cercarial rate of infection of snails was 7.75%, with the highest rate of infection observed in Lymnaea natalensis (13.51%), and followed by Bulinus truncatus (11.11%). Rate of infections varied significantly by species (χ² = 18.76, p = 0.002), habitat type, with ponds having the highest rate (13.48%) (χ² = 15.6, p = 0.004), and season, with higher rates during the semi-dry season (12%) compared to the dry season (3.5%) (χ² = 10.11, p = 0.001). The quiestionnaire survey revealed that there was significant associations (p <0.05) between education level and KAP of farmers; gender and age with knowledge of farmers about trematode infections. In conclusion, the study provided important insights into the epidemiology of trematode infections in the study area and strategic deworming to reduce pasture contamination with flukes and snail control is needed. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/3528 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | |
| dc.subject | Bishoftu | |
| dc.subject | MEDICINE::Social medicine::Public health medicine research areas::Epidemiology | |
| dc.subject | Fasciola | |
| dc.subject | Paramphistomum | |
| dc.subject | Ruminant | |
| dc.subject | Snail | |
| dc.title | Investigation on Trematodes of Ruminants: Current status, Snail intermediate hosts, and Community knowledge in and around Bishoftu, Ethiopia | |
| dc.type | Thesis |