Study and Analysis of Smart Meter in Power Quality Management and Real Time Monitoring
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Date
2020-12
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Power Quality is an area of serious concern for end users due to the frequency of power quality issues and their financial impact. In this context, real -time power quality monitoring needed so as to detect power quality problems and take control action within right time at right place. Utilities are already installing systems to monitor power quality in the distribution system. The equipment used is mostly power quality monitors which have the capability of measuring all the needed parameters specified by the power quality norms. But the price of these instruments dictates that monitoring of all the points in the distribution network with these instruments is from a techno-economic point of view not feasible, especially for developing country. Therefore, utilizing smart meter devices installed in all points of distribution network to gather more accurate data about power quality. In this thesis real-time power quality monitoring and enhancement role of smart meter is presented.
To this end, this thesis proposes single phase smart electricity meter based on Arduino Uno and GSM module. The proposed meter was simulated using proteus software and the results of simulation tests of power quality monitoring and enhancement capability of a proposed smart meter are analyzed. The performance of the system measurement is verified based on absolute percentage error (APE) and shown the results to be appropriate. Accuracy of measurement for RMS value of voltage and current, frequency variation, power factor, active power, energy consumption, and supply voltage total harmonics distortion was found less 1% error. Necessary data sent to customers via GSM was tested with help of virtual terminal. Furthermore, it was found that power quality enhanced and consumption of electricity becomes much more efficient (12% increment) by using dynamic power factor correction scheme integrated in smart meter and applying capacitors for the correction of power factor. Real-time power factor monitoring was sophisticated and thyristor switch for capacitor connection without mains supply distortion and delay free. Continuous real-time monitoring capability of meter performance tested over one hour with standard PQ data aggregation time interval.
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Keywords
Smart Meter, Real-Time Monitoring, Power Quality Monitoring, Dynamic Power Factor Correction, Thyristor, GSM module, Arduino