Trends and Magnitude of Women’s Overweight and/or Obesity and its Socio-demographic Correlates among Urban Ethiopian Women, Urban Ethiopia; Evidence from EDHS, 2000 to 2011
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2013-06
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Overweight and obesity are among the risks factors of various chronic diseases. In developing countries undergoing nutritional transition, overweight and/or obesity is becoming more prevalent among women. Though less attention is given to the problem of overweight and/or obesity in Ethiopia, its prevalence is on a rise among urban Ethiopian women (15% in
2011). Hence, documenting the magnitude of overweight and/or obesity and identifying its socio-demographic correlates will help to understand the scope of overweight and/or obesity among urban women.
Objective: To examine trends and magnitude of overweight and/or obesity and to identify its socio-demographic correlates among urban Ethiopian women aged 15-49, between 2000 and 2011.
Methodology: Cross sectional data from the three Ethiopian Demographic Health Surveys was used for this study. A total of 7,312 non pregnant urban women were included in this study. The main outcome of interest was overweight and/or obesity and the independent variables were age,
wealth index, parity, occupation, region of residence, educational and marital status. Complex sample descriptive, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the data.
Results: The prevalence of overweight and/or obesity among urban women was 10.7% in 2000,14.0% in 2005 and 14.9% in 2011. The overall prevalence increased by 4% from 2000 to 2011 though it was not statistically significant: [from 10.7% with 95% CI; (9.8, 12.8) in 2000 to 14.9% with 95% CI; (12.4, 17.6) in 2011]. Particularly, the prevalence significantly increased
over time among women who were older, 40-49 years: [from 15.6% with 95% CI; (11.6, 20.5), in 2000 to 32.2% with 95% CI; (25.4, 39.8), in 2011, x
2=25.7 and p < 0.001]. It was also significantly increased among those who were residents of the three Metropolis (Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa and Harari): [from 15.9% with 95% CI; (13.3, 17.7) in 2000 to 20.3% with 95% CI;
(18.2, 22.50), in 2011, x2=5.3 and p < 0.05]. Being older, 40-49 years, [OR=4.5 (95% CI; (2.2, 9.0)], attainment of secondary education or
above, [OR= 2.5 (95% CI; (1.4, 4.7)] and living in the three metropolis [OR=5.8 (95% CI; (3.2,10.4)] were significantly and positively associated with the condition of overweight and/or obesity in 2000. Being older, 40-49 years, [OR=5.1 (95% CI; (2.3, 11.7)], resident of the three Metropolis,[OR=3.8 (95% CI; (1.4, 8.2)], in the richest quintile, [OR=2.2 (95% CI; (1.2, 4.1)], attainment of secondary education or above, [OR=2.2 (95% CI; (1.2, 4.3)] and being currently married[OR=2.5 (95% CI; (1.2, 5.3)], were found to be significantly and positively associated with being overweight and/or obese while women engaged in manual work were less likely to be overweight and/or obese, [OR=0,4 (95% CI; (0.2, 0.8)] in 2005.The odds of be being overweight and /or obese was significantly higher among women were older, 40-49 years [OR=9.8 (95% CI; (5.1, 13.8)] , resident of the three Metropolis [OR=2.2
with 95% CI; (1.2, 4.2)], in the richest quintile, [OR= 1.8 (95% CI; (1.1, 2.5)], currently married[OR=2.0 (95% CI; (1.2, 3.1)] and among those with secondary education or above [OR=2.0;with 95% CI; (1.3, 3.1)].
Conclusions and Recommendations: the findings of this study have provided information on the prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of overweight and/or obesity among urban Ethiopian women. The findings also showed that the problem of overweight and/or obesity is on a rise among urban Ethiopia women. Hence, there is a need for policies and public health
interventions which promote healthy lifestyle (consumption healthy diet and doing regular physical activity) to address the problem of overweight and/or obesity. These policies and interventions need to be age sensitive and need to target more urbanized cities and towns. However, the scope of such interventions can be broaden based on evidences from future researches.
Description
Keywords
Overweight , Obesity ,Women’s