Impacts of Upstream Watershed Management Activities on Downstream Water Users and Users Willingness to Pay By Contingent Valuation Method (The Case of Gumera River Watershed, Ethiopia)
| dc.contributor.advisor | Teklu, Bikila(PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Getachew, Ayele | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2018-07-19T06:47:22Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-11T08:32:47Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2018-07-19T06:47:22Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-11T08:32:47Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2014-08 | |
| dc.description.abstract | A watershed is a naturally delineated unit of land that drains water, sediment, dissolved materials, heat, and biota to a common outlet along a stream channel. If watershed gives all these services, the various activities that are performed in the watershed area will certainly have impact on downstream water users. The activities that are carried out for watershed management cost the local administration and community. This research is, therefore, designed to investigate the impacts of upstream watershed area management activities on downstream water users, and downstream water user’s willingness to pay for upstream watershed area protection taking the Gumera watershed as a case study. The study analyses the impacts of watershed management activities on downstream water users and the determinants of households’ willingness to pay for watershed area protection by using contingent valuation method (CVM). Samples of 110 households living in the downstream watershed area were selected by stratified sampling method and questionnaire survey with interviews was carried out to collect data on impacts and willingness to pay. Single bounded value elicitation formats with an open ended follow up question were used for the CVM. Eleven variables (income, age, marital status, household level of education, household size, female headed households, off-farm activities, respondents’ market access, membership in environmental organization, ratio of dependency household members and bid value) were identified for the determination of the determinant of willingness to pay. The primary and secondary data that were collected were analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The quantitative information from the questionnaire was tabulated and analysed using SPSS. Probit model was used to analyse the factors influencing households’ willingness to pay. Results of the study showed that watershed management activities have both positive impacts (improves water quality, leads to good water management, provides more sustainable water supply etc…) and negative impacts (erosion problem, water pollution, destruction of homes and human lives due to flooding etc…) and households are willing to pay for the provision of watershed area protection. The important variables identified in this study to determine households’ WTP for watershed area protection include, bid value, income of the household, participating in off farm activity, household size, ratio of dependent household members, and households’ market access. The mean willingness to pay from the single bounded questions II were birr 291.2 per household per year. The expected aggregate willingness to pay amount is 4,066,260.9 birr per year. The mitigation measures to protect negative impacts are practicing land, water and biomass managements side by side. An important policy implication drawn from the study is that farm households are willing to pay for watershed area protection. If government designs and implements a proper charge of watershed area protection in the area based on such studies it will avoid or at least reduce negative impacts of watershed activities and inefficient water use practices and there would be a more sustainable utilization of environmental resources. Key words: Gumera watershed, watershed management activities, upstream-downstream linkage, watershed management impact, CVM, WTP. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/12345678/9337 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Gumera Watershed | en_US |
| dc.subject | Watershed Management Activities | en_US |
| dc.subject | Upstream-Downstream Linkage | en_US |
| dc.subject | Watershed Management Impact | en_US |
| dc.subject | CVM | en_US |
| dc.subject | WTP | en_US |
| dc.title | Impacts of Upstream Watershed Management Activities on Downstream Water Users and Users Willingness to Pay By Contingent Valuation Method (The Case of Gumera River Watershed, Ethiopia) | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |