Genetic Diversity Study of Lepidium sativum Populations from Ethiopia Using Morphological Partial Characters and ISSR Markers
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Date
2012-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Lepidium sativum L. (family Brassicaceae), is an underutilized medicinal plant with worldwide
distribution. In Ethiopia, Lepidium sativum occurs in all regions and agro-ecologies at different
altitudinal ranges. The study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity of Lepidium sativum
populations from Ethiopia using both morphological and ISSR markers. A total of 86 L. sativum
genotypes were planted in Complete Randomized Block Design with two replications at Holeta
Agricultural Research Center during 2011/2012 cropping season. Ten plants were tagged for
morphological data collection and fourteen quantitative traits were recorded. The ISSR
fingerprint analysis was conducted at the Genetics Laboratory of Addis Ababa University,
Ethiopia. Analysis of variance was computed for 12 morphological traits and significant
variation within and between L. sativum populations was recorded. Yield data indicated that
accession 205162 (2324.08 kg/ha) and 90020 (2008.46 kg/ha) from Amhara; accession 234828
(1983.4kg/ha) from Oromia observed to give higher yield. The seed color based bulk analysis of
oil content also indicated that Brown gave the highest (25%) oil content. Molecular data
generated from ISSR bands recorded was used for computing gene diversity, percent
polymorphism and Shannon diversity index and AMOVA. Moreover, the ISSR data was used to
construct UPGMA, Nj trees and PCO plot using Jaccard’s coefficient. Tigray and Amhara
populations showed higher gene diversity (0.24) and Shannon information index (0.35). Both
Nj, UPGMA and PCO analysis showed very week grouping among individuals collected from the
same regions. Generally, Tigray and Amhara regions showed moderate to high diversity in both
morphological and ISSR analysis. High variation was recorded for number of seeds/plant,
number of pod/plant, number of secondary branch/plant, and plant height, which indicates the
presence of ample variability for L. sativum improvement in Ethiopia. Different geographical
regions of Ethiopia, showed different levels of variation; thus conservation priority should be
given for those regions that have genetic diversity. This result also indicated the presence of
genetic diversity that can be exploited to improve the productivity of L. sativum in Ethiopia.
Key words: Genetic diversity, ISSR, Lepidium sativum, Morphology
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Keywords
Genetic diversity, ISSR, Lepidium sativum, Morphology