Modelling the Interaction Biomass Energy Consumption and CO2 Emission in Ethiopia.
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2025-06-19
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
A.A.U
Abstract
Ethiopia's energy system is heavily reliant on biomass, which constitutes approximately
92.4% of the country's energy consumption and is predominantly used for cooking and
heating. however, a significant contributor to the CO₂ emissions in the country. Direct and
indirect emissions from the biomass use accounted for 450% of incremental emission CO₂
and 37% of total emissions. Thus, the purpose of this study is to model and evaluate the
biomass energy consumption and its contribution to the CO₂
emissions. A system dynamics
model that represents the biomass energy consumption and its interaction with the
environment in Ethiopia has been built. The data from 2000 to 2030 from different sources.
The simulated results have demonstrated that Substitution of Alternative Energy ,Biomass
Use Management, Reforestation Growth, Improved Cooking Stoves and all policy scenarios
combinations have a sound effect on lowering CO₂
while also improving the energy access by
40%. The results reveal that policy scenario 2, scenario 1, scenario 3 and scenario 5
characterized by stable annual production and controlled demand—can significantly limit
deforestation, preserve CO₂ sinking capacity, and minimize total CO₂ emissions by 19.60%,
23.60%, 26.40% and 68.8% respectively compere to base case and scenario 4 in 2030.
Policy recommendations include strengthening regulatory frameworks and promoting
alternative energy sources to ensure both energy security and environmental sustainability.
The study also highlights data limitations and the need for further research on spatially
explicit land-use change and the socioeconomic drivers of biomass demand.