Molecular Genetic Diversity Assessment of Finger Millet (Eleusine Coracana (L.) Gaertn) With Different Seed Coat Color Using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (Issr) Marker
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Date
2018-01-02
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.), is a staple crop with high nutritional profile cultivated mainly in developing countries and widely cultivated in Ethiopia. It is an allotetraploid (2n= 4x= 36 chromosomes), that belongs to the Poaceae family. It is characterized by its ability to grow well on a variety of environmental conditions, its excellent grain storage quality and the ability to withstand significant levels of salinity. Scientific research aimed at improving this important cereal has been negligible and it is regarded as one of the orphaned crop species. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic variability and patterns of diversity of finger millet (Eleusine coracana) with varying seed coat color. The study was done on 72 finger millet accessions with variable seed coat color collected from two zones of Tigray region for molecular characterization. Molecular characterization of the total number of bands, average polymorphic bands, average percent polymorphism, and average expected gene diversity (Hi) generated from 6 ISSR markers used in the study. The markers generated 45 loci with 30 polymorphic and 15 monomorphic loci, at an average of 7.5 loci per primer. The gene diversity (h) indexes of the four populations with varying seed coat color were calculated and the values ranged from 0.26 for Ahiferom, Mereb-Leke, and Asgede-tsimbla to 0.27 to Laelay-adyabo in according to their geographical location. Besides this, when the finger millet populations were grouped in to seed coat color (black, red, and white), the gene diversity (h) was 0.27 in black seed coat color and 0.26 each in red and white colors. The UPGMA cluster analysis revealed that the three varieties were grouped in to three major clusters at the demarcation of 73% genetic similarity. Cluster I comprised black and red seed coat color varieties from Ahiforom population and cluster II comprised three intermixed varieties from all population, and cluster III consisted of black and red seed coat colors from Mereb-leke population. The genotypes, Ahiforom population and Mereb-leke population showed the lowest similarity. Based on AMOVA, variation within population was higher (98%) as compared to among populations (2%). The higher dissimilarity between the Ahiforom and Mereb-leke genotypes makes them better candidates for inclusion in crop improvement programmes. Since, IV
hybrid vigor has a positive relation with genetic distance; hybridization between these two lines will provide progenies with greater variation at molecular level for selection of agronomically important traits.
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Accession, Eleusine Coracana, Finger Millet, Diversity, ISSR, Seed Coat Color