Evaluation of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Primary Soft Tissue Tumors with its Histopathological Correlation in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Five Year Retrospective Study from July 2016 to July 2021.
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Date
2021-10
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Soft tissue tumors constitute a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms. Benign tumors out number their malignant counterparts by a ratio of about 100:1 in hospital population. FNAC has emerged as a major outpatient procedure for the diagnosis of soft tissue tumors due to low cost of the procedure, less complications, feasibility, quick results and high therapeutic efficiency with specificity and sensitivity of approximately 95%. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAC of soft tissue tumors in distinguishing benign and malignant lesion is also very high.
The objectives of this study will be to study the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of soft tissue tumors and its correlation with histopathology. Also, this study aimed at studying various cytomorphological patterns of soft tissue tumors and correlating cytological grading with histopathological grading. The aim of this study is to determine the role of fine needle aspiration cytology in soft
tissue tumors and its histopathological correlation in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. The study applies retrospective cross-sectional descriptive method to review the role of fine needle aspiration cytology in soft tissue tumors and its histopathological correlation in the five years period (July 2016 to July 2021).The data is collected from the pathology data archives and data analysis will be done by Using IBM SPSS 25.0.Both FNAC and biopsy done for soft tissue tumors are more common in males than females and for malignant tumors than benign tumors. The most common age at which both FNAC and biopsy done is from 2nd to 4th decade for benign soft tissue tumors and from 2nd to 6th decade for malignant soft tissue tumors. The commonest site for both benign and malignant soft tissue tumors were lower extremities followed by trunk and upper extremities. The commonest soft tissue tumors for which both FNAC and biopsy done were under spindle cell, adipocytic and small round blue cell tumor categories. Out of total of 34 sarcomas majority are grade 3 followed by 1 and most are under the group of
small round blue cell sarcoma and spindle cell sarcomas. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAC of soft tissue tumors is about 81.08%. Majority of discordant rate was found to be under a group of spindle cell tumor. Excisional biopsy was recommended for majority of soft tissue tumors after
FNAC especially for malignant soft tissue tumors.In this study soft tissue tumors are more common in males than females and the peak age at presentation was from 10 to 29 years. The top three commonest location of soft tissue tumors were lower extremities, trunk and head and neck regions. Malignant tumors outnumbered benign tumors and the commonest soft tissue
tumors were grouped under spindle cell, adipocytic and small round blue cell tumors. The majority of soft tissue tumor cytological diagnosis was a group diagnosis not specific diagnosis for which excisional biopsy was recommended. The majority of soft tissue sarcomas were high grade which has high concordance rate with histopathological grading. In general FNA cytology was found to be fairly reliable diagnostic procedure for early diagnosis of soft tissue tumors
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Keywords
Cytohistopathologiccorrelation, FNAC/FNAB, Histopathology