An Overview of Silicon Nanosystems: Structural Properties and Technological Applications
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Date
2010-03
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Low dimensional nanosystems are known to have properties that can be markedly different from
their bulk counterparts. For semiconductor crystals such as silicon when the carriers (excitons)
are confined in dimensions less than their de Broglie wavelength (typically a few nanometers)
quantum mechanical size effects emerge.
Advances in the design, synthesis and characterization of nano-materials are expected to provide
the unprecedented ability to manipulate matter at the most fundamental level. When the physical
dimensions of a device are reduced to the nanometer scale, quantum phenomena become
prevalent modifying the optical and electronic properties of the material. This may enable the
design and manufacturing of materials with properties tailored for the particular application.
This paper examines the unique properties of silicon-based nanocristals that are fundamentally
different from those of the bulk crystalline material and make nanoscale silicon attractive for use
in a variety of important technological applications such as light emitting devices for potonic
application,optical communications, photovoltaic solar cells,for memory devices, optical and
electrical properties of nanoscale silicon and several techniques towards developing siliconbased
nanostructures using nanotechnology tools are explored.
Moreover, the different synthesis methods of silicon nanostructures and the accompanying
characterizations of silicon nanocrystals and porous silicon are illustrated briefly. Theoretical
analysis of the electronic structures of silicon nanocrystals of small number of atoms using
pseudo potential-DFT method is presented.
In general, for the last fiften years so many researches and jornals are published on silicon
nanosystems,in this work we try to give an overview of the applications properties and dimond
cristal structure of elemental silicon
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An Overview of Silicon Nanosystems