Micropropagation of Plectranthus Edulis (Vatke) Agnew from Meristem Culture
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Date
2012-12-12
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Plectranthus edulis (syn. Coleus edulis) is a tuber-bearing labiate species originated from Ethiopia. It has been grown and used as a major source of food in many parts of Ethiopia. It is one of the traditional and under-utilized root crops. Although this plant is being promoted to be used by most people in the country, there is shortage of pathogen free planting material. In vitro propagation of P. edulis has immense value in rapid production, eradication of pathogens and conservation of genetic diversity. The objective of this study is to develop micropropagation protocol for P. edulis using meristem as explant. P. edulis tubers collected from two growing areas were planted in glasshouse to serve as explants donor. For this experiment solid MS medium supplemented with GA3, NAA and different BAP concentrations were used to initiate the growth of shoots from meristems. Shoots were multiplied using MS medium containing different concentrations and combinations of BAP and Kinetin alone and in combination with NAA. The rooting experiment was done using half and full strength MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l IAA, IBA or NAA, and ex-vitro rooting were also tested by dipping micropropagated shoots in 5.0 mg/l IBA for 5 minutes before it was transferred to small pots in glasshouse. Among the various concentrations of BAP, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0 mg/l tested, shoot induction was found to be effective in 1.0 mg/l BAP combined with 1.0 mg/l GA3 and 0.1 mg/l NAA. Out of single nodal shoot cultured in different multiplication medium, those cultured in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l KIN and 0.1 mg/l NAA from Holeta, and 3.0 mg/l KIN and 0.05 mg/l NAA from Welayta showed the highest number of multiple shoot (7.2 and 6.2, respectively). In vitro developed shoots were rooted best (with mean of 6.17 and 5.43 roots from Holeta and Welayta, respectively) ex vitro by dipping in 5.0 mg/l IBA for 5 minutes. Second best rooting was on half strength MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l IBA. All plants from Holeta and 96 % of Welayta survived in glasshouse two weeks of acclimatization and no aberrant plants were observed.
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Keywords
Ex Vitro, Ga3, Holeta, Meristem Culture, Kinetin, Shoot Multiplication, Welayta