Assessment of HIV -I Transmission Risk from Blood Donors Screened Negative for HIV-I Antibody/Antigen by use of HI V-I DNA peR
| dc.contributor.advisor | Petros Beyene (PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Mekonen Teferi | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2018-07-17T06:06:59Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-08T16:39:08Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2018-07-17T06:06:59Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-08T16:39:08Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2004-06 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The aim of this study was to assess tlte potential risk of trallsmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-i (HIV-i) by transfllsion of blood screened as negative for HIV antigen (Ag)/antibody (Ab) in the Ethiopian Red Cross Society-National Blood Transfllsioll Service (ERCS-NBTS) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Assessment of risk factors, test peljormance and efficiency of the HIV screening methods of the ERCSNBTS laboratol)' (Ag/Ab EIA, Virol/ostika HIV Uni-Form II Ag/Ab) was made. A total of 408 blood samples from unlinked one-time donations were collected and screened for HIV-i illfection by [{sing Roche Amplicor V i.5 DNA PCR and discrepallt res lilts were checked by Westem blot alld HII' RNA assays. Data analysis was done by using STATA software. The cJ'llde prevalence of HI V-I illfection in blood do 1101'S as screened by the ERSC-NBTS was 4.2%, while it was 3.4% as screened by nllcleic acid testillg. Titus, nucleic acid testillg methods detected 3 false positive samples. All HIV-infected donors were replacement donors. The fourth-generation assay lIsed at ERCS-NBTS had an excellent test agreement with HIV-i DNA PCR assay. The validity oftlte Ag/Ab EIA was vel)' high as depicted by its: sensitivity (JOO%), specificity (99.2%), test efficiency (99.3%), positive predictive value (82.4%) and negative predictive vallie (J OO%). Although no false negative blood unit was detected, it was shown that around 0.7% of the donated blood would be wrongly discarded as false positives. Tflis stlldy has also provided good evidence for the need to introduce strong and improved dOllor selection criteria. This would include, minimizing or exclusion of replace men I dOllars, with an emphasis on recruitment of regular vohmtm), do 1101'S, and ellllcation of both dOllors and the general public on tlte need for safe blood. Similar studies should be done in other parts of the co/Inti)' before drawing a general conclusion abollt the quality/safety of blood donatiolls in Ethiopia. Fllrther stlldies all HIV incidence among blood donors, propel' estilllation of risk of HIV transmission through transfllsion, and prevalence of HII' infection in transjilsion recipients are essential for monitoring the safety of the blood supply. Studies on other transjilsion transmittable infectiolls agents shollld also be IIndertake//. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/8835 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa Universty | en_US |
| dc.subject | HIV-I DNA PCR | en_US |
| dc.title | Assessment of HIV -I Transmission Risk from Blood Donors Screened Negative for HIV-I Antibody/Antigen by use of HI V-I DNA peR | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |