TICKS OF RUMINANTS AND EQUINES IN ANILEMO DISTIRCT, HADYIA ZONE, SNNPRS: SPECIES DIVERSITY, EFFICACY AND USAGE OF ACARICIDES
| dc.contributor.advisor | Dr. Bersissa Kumsa | |
| dc.contributor.author | Mulugeta, Melese | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-12-19T13:23:44Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-30T13:17:25Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2019-12-19T13:23:44Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-30T13:17:25Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2019-06 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Ticks are the major health and productivity constraints of ruminants and equines in Ethiopia. A cross sectional study was conducted from September 2018 to May 2019 in Anilemo district with the core intentions to identify tick species infesting ruminants and equines, estimate the prevalence, to assess species diversity, risk factors associated with infestation and the efficacy of the most commonly used acaricides in the study district. To achieve these objectives ticks were collected from animals for identification to species level under stereo-microscope, a questionnaire survey was conducted on acaricide usage and in vitro efficacy evaluation of acaricides was performed following classical procedures. Accordingly, during the study period, a total of 906 ruminants and equines were examined for presence of ticks, 50 persons were interviewed with structured questionnaires about the usage of acaricide in the area and 110 ticks were used to evaluate the efficacy of the commonly used acaricides by adult immersion test. The study revealed that an overall of 34.9% (316/906) animals were infested by one or more ticks during the study period. An overall of 3367 ixodid ticks (adults and immature stages) collected from infested animals were differentiated in to a total of five species that belonged to genus Amblyomma and Rhipicephalus and the sub genus Rhipicephalus (Boophilus). The major tick species identified in order of their prevalence and predominance were Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus, Amblyomma variegatum, Amblyomma cohaerens, Rhipicephalus evertsi, Rhipicephalus pulchellus and Rhipicephalus praetextatus. In the present study Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus and Amblyomma variegatum were the most prevalent (95.2%) and both species (p < 0.05) were significantly associated with different risk factors like season, agroecology, age, colour and sex categories of the study animals. Furthermore, a total of 110 ticks were collected for the in vitro Adult immersion test to assess the efficacy of Diaznone and Ivermectine both of which were implicated as the most frequently used acaricides by results of the questionnaire survey. The standard modified adult immersion test (AIT) on a total of 80 Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus and 30 Amblyomma variegatum engorged female ticks showed that Ivermectine was highly effective than Diaznone. In conclusion, findings of this study suggest that ticks were the most important problem of ruminants and equines of the study area. In addition, the study on efficacy of the two most commonly used acaricides in the study area attest the fact that efficacy of these drugs is conserved against both Rh (B.) decoloratus and Amblyomma tick species of the study. Therefore, the possible threat of tick infestation on ruminants and equines warrants all rounded attention regarding strategic application of acaricides and creation of awareness on acaricide usage to prevent and control tick infestation. Further efficacy evaluations using different tick species and more sensitive efficacy evaluation methods involving larval and nymphal stages as well as in vivo efficacy trial at field level should be conducted to obtain more reliable information on efficacies of acaricides in different parts of Ethiopia. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/20451 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.subject | Acaricide usage | en_US |
| dc.subject | Anilemo | en_US |
| dc.subject | Invitro test | en_US |
| dc.title | TICKS OF RUMINANTS AND EQUINES IN ANILEMO DISTIRCT, HADYIA ZONE, SNNPRS: SPECIES DIVERSITY, EFFICACY AND USAGE OF ACARICIDES | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |