Investigation of Serum Markers of Oxidative Stress Among Breast Cancer Patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2016-10
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer has become a major public health problem in developing regions, as
incidence rate is particularly growing in these regions of the world. Oxidative damage and
modification of biomolecules including proteins, lipids and DNA can increase the risk of
mutagenesis. It has also been suggested to play an important role in breast carcinogenesis, and
progression of the disease.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the serum markers of oxidative stress among
breast cancer patients in Tikur Anbesa specialized teaching hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: The comparative cross sectional study was conducted on a total of 119 study
participants (95 breast cancer patients and 24 female controls without malignancy). Breast cancer
patients were classified based on their clinical stages at diagnosis (stage I, II, III and IV).The
parameters measured were serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, reduced
glutathione (GSH) , total antioxidant capacity (TAC), uric acid, and albumin using their standard
methods. Data analyses were done with SPSS version 21 system.
Results: The present study result demonstrated that there were statistically significantly higher
serum MDA and protein carbonyl levels in breast cancer group than in control group while the
levels of TAC, GSH, albumin and uric acid were decreased (p-value < 0.05). Patients with the
highest mean serum MDA and median protein carbonyl levels were those with stages III and IV
as compared stages I and II (p-value < 0.05). Among the case groups, as breast cancer progresses
to a higher stages, the levels of MDA, protein carbonyl, TAC and albumin were found to
increase (p < 0.05). We also found significant decrease in the mean levels of GSH in stage IV as
compared to other stage (p < 0.05). Moreover, a negative correlation was observed between
serum levels of GSH versus serum levels MDA and protein carbonyl.
Conclusion: Breast cancer patients suffer a high degree of oxidative stress which is associated
with decrease in TAC and GSH levels as well as significant degree of lipid peroxidation and
protein oxidation. Clinical stages of breast cancer were associated with oxidative stress. The
oxidative and antioxidant markers showed a negative correlation in patients with breast cancer.
Key words: Breast cancer, serum marker, oxidative stress
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Keywords
Breast cancer; Serum marker; Oxidative stress