Investigation of Genetic Diversity in Ethiopian Collections of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) using ISSR Markers
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Date
2012-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Safflower, Carthamus tinctorius, L. is an oilseed crop that belongs to the family Asteraceae, a
diverse group of flowering plants that grow in many parts of the world. So far, the
characterization of safflower using molecular markers has been limited. The objective of this
study was to investigate the genetic diversity of safflower accessions collected from different
regions of Ethiopia using ISSR molecular markers. For this purpose, seeds of seventy landrace
accessions collected from four administrative regions of Ethiopia (Amhara, Oromia, Tigray and
SNNPR) were obtained from the IBC and grown in greenhouse at Addis Ababa University,
Faculty of Life Science. DNA was extracted from a bulk leaf sample of five randomly selected
plants per accession using a triple CTAB extraction technique. Four primers were selected. The
four selected ISSR primers produced a total of 43 bands across the 70 safflower accession. The
number of amplified fragments with ISSR primers ranged from 6 to 14 per primer with varied in
size of 100 to 1000 base pairs. Out of the 43 bands detected, 87.5% were polymorphic. In terms
of region, Oromia showed the highest percentage of polymorphism (86.1%) with Tigray having
the least polymorphism (20.9%). Safflower population from Oromia has 0.32 and 0.48 gene
diversity and Shannon diversity index, respectively whereas Amhara population of safflower has
shown 0.27 and 0.39 gene diversity and Shannon diversity index, respectively. AMOVA also
showed that 98.9% of the variation is attributed to within population while 1.1% is among
populations variation. Both UPGMA and neighbor joining trees based on Jaccard’s similarity
coefficient showed weak grouping among individuals collected from the same regions. The results
reveal the presence of higher genetic diversity that deserves conservation attention and
sustainable use strategy to improve the productivity of safflower.
Key words: - Carthamus tinctorius L, genetic diversity, ISSR molecular marker,
safflower, polymorphism, Ethiopia.
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Keywords
Carthamus tinctorius L, genetic diversity, ISSR molecular marker, Safflower, polymorphism, Ethiopia