Bioactivity Guided Fractionation and Antimalarial Activity of Fractions of Ethanol Extract of Clerodendrum Myricoides Leaves in Mice Model
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Date
2012-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Malaria is one of the major health problems in the sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia. One of the reasons attributed for its increase is the emergence and spread of antimalarial drug resistant strains. A continuous search for other alternative plant-based antimalarial drugs thus becomes an urgent need. The objective of the present study was, therefore, to evaluate in vivo antimalarial activitiy of fractions and subfractions of ethanol extract of Clerodendrum myricoides leaves and isolates active ingredients. They were evaluated for their antimalarial activity in 4-day suppressive assay against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss albino mice. Methanol fraction (MF) and ethyl acetate fraction (EF) obtained from successive fractionation of ethanol crude extract of C. myricoides showed highest activity with suppression of 77.24% and 65.21% at an oral dose of 300 mg/kg/day respectively. Further bioactivity guided fractionation of ethanol extract provided some fractions which exhibited good antiplasmodial activity. Results of 1H- and 13 C-NMR spectra showed the presence of one pure compound which was isolated using preparative TLC in Hsf-5. On the other hand, the hexane fraction did not suppress the parasitaemia significantly. TLC, CC and NMR results of the fractions showed that the activity of the plant leaves was due to synergistic effect of many compounds. The results confirmed that using medicinal plants in the search for new antimalarial compounds from medicinal plant is an important approach.
Key words: Antimalarial activity, BGF, C. myricoides, Plasmodium berghei, Medicinal plants, Traditional medicine
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Keywords
Antimalarial activity, BGF, C. myricoides, Plasmodium berghei, Medicinal plants, Traditional medicine