Prevalence and Antimicrobial-Resistance Patterns of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Among Burn Patients Attending Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2021-08
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background:-Burns are one of the most common and devastating forms of trauma globally. Patients with burn wounds are at higher risk for infections due to multiple factors. P. aeruginosa plays a prominent role as an etiological agent involved in serious infections among burn patients, which varies by geographical location. There is a paucity of information about the specific
prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa among burn patients in Ethiopia.
Objective:-This study was designed to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial-resistant patterns of P. aeruginosa among burn patients attending Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Methods:-Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College among patients attending burn clinic from November, 2020 to April, 2021. Detection and identification of P. aeruginosa were performed using conventional culture, Biochemical tests, and Gram staining. Antimicrobial resistance testing was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Logistic regression analysis was computed to determine the associated factors for P. aeruginosa infection.
Results:-From the total of 210 burn wound cultures, 27 (12.86%) were found positive for P. aeruginosa. All the isolates showed greater than 70% susceptibility for the tested antibiotics except Gentamycin (29.63%), Ceftazidime (59.3%) and Ciprofloxacin (66.67%). Imipenem was the most
effective drug (89%) in inhibiting the growth of P. aeruginosa isolates. In addition, 33.33% of P. aeruginosa isolates were Multidrug-resistant (MDR). Admission type, Hospital stay time and total body surface area (TBSA) had a statistically significant positive association with P. aeruginosa infection (all with P-value >0.05).
Conclusion:-The overall, prevalence of P. aeruginosa among burn patients in the current study is almost 13%. P. aeruginosa isolates were most sensitive to Imipenem, while they were most resistant to Gentamycin. One-third of P. aeruginosa isolates were multidrug-resistant. This suggests the need to improve and monitor the treatment of infection with the pathogen to limit the
possibility of the emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates in burn treatment centers.
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Keywords
Burn infections, Antimicrobial resistance, Pseudomonas aeruginosa