Evaluation of the Antidepressant-like Activity of Sennasingueana (Del.) Lock, (Fabaceae) in Rodents.
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Date
2021-03
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Depression is a multifactorial, chronic, and life-threatening disease with high prevalence,
disability, and societal cost. Currently, 20%–30% of patients treated with commonly used
antidepressants do not achieve complete recovery and develop treatment-resistant depression.
Drug resistance in addition to side effects and drug interactions are the major restrictions in the
treatment of depression. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify new treatment options including
herbal drugs. In this study, the essential oil extract of Senna singueana (Del.) (Fabaceae) was
assessed for its antidepressant property using the tail suspension test (TST) and the forced
swimming test (FST) models. To rule out the false-positive antidepressant-like activity of the oil,
open field test (OFT) was used. The composition of essential oil was determined using gas
chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis.
All animals were randomly assigned to six different groups for each model. Group I received the
vehicle (2% Tween 80) and served as a negative control. Group II received the standard drug
imipramine (30 mg/kg) and served as a positive control. The test groups were from group III-VI
and received increasing doses of the extract at 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 600mg/kg,
respectively. In TST, 600 mg/kg showed a significant immobility time reduction (56.6%) as
compared to 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg (p<0.05) and 2% Tween 80 (p<0.01) treated groups. In FST,
on the other hand, 400 mg/kg (50.6%) and 600 mg/kg (61.8%) test doses exhibited a statistically
significantly reduction in immobility time (p< 0.01) as compared to 2% Tween 80, 100 mg/kg and
200 mg/kg treated groups. It was also demonstrated that the essential oil extract of Senna
Singueana didn’t significantly alter the spontaneous locomotor activity of mice during the OFT
test.
From GC-MS analysis a total of 33 compounds were identified and compounds like eugenol,
linalool, n-hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid and heneicosane, which previously reported to
have antidepressant activity were found. In conclusion, this study indicated the essential oil extract
of Senna Singueana may have potential therapeutic value for the management of depression.
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Keywords
Depression; Senna Singueana; Essential oil; Antidepressant-like activity