Morphological and Gdf9 Gene Polymorphism of Indigenous Goat Populations in Darra District
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Date
2023-12
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Goats among the livestock species, are considered the most prolific ruminant which are adapt in different farming areas and agroecological zones in highland, subhumid, semiarid, and arid environments. Characterization of genetic resources is a prerrquesit to design sustainable genetic improvement program. Therefore the objective of the study was to assess morphological variations and GDF9 gene polymorphism in indigenous goat population in darra district North Shoa Zone of Oromia Regional State. A total of 336 goat population were selected from seven kebele those have single, twin, triple litter size using stratified purposeive sampling method. Body weight and linera body measurement were taken from 336 goats and blood samples were also collected from 150 goats only. Genomic DNA was extracted using salting out procedure. All samples were genotyped using GDF9 gene primer pairs. The most frequent coat color pattern observed was plain, spotted, red and brown were observed coat color types in the study area. The analysis of variance showed a significant variation (p < 0.05) in morphological traits among does in different agroecolgies,location with different litter size. Goats in highland agro ecology showed better body weight and linear body measurmetns compared to lowland agroecolgy. Goats having single litter size showed low value in most measuremtns compare to twin and triplet. However, there was no variation observed among goats of twin and triplet for except pelvic length. GDF9 locus was polymorphic in twin and triplet litter sizes and showed two alleles (462, 478) and three genotypes (462/462, 462/478 and 478/478) that segregated with different frequencies Genotype 462/462 had high frequence (0.47) followed by genotype 462/478(0.43) in twins where as genotype 462/478 (0.47) showed higher frequency followed by genotype 462/462 (0.38) in triplet. The expected hetrozygosity (HE) ranged from 0.43 in triplet to 0.47 in twin litter size. The closest genetic relationship was found between goats having twin and triplet (0.09), while goats of singleton and their triplet counterparts were more distant apart (0.16).Significant (p < 0.05) and positive association of GDF9 genotypes with litter size and linear body measurements were observed. Morphological variation and genetic variation at GDF9 locus could be an opportunity to design cost effective breeding strategy. However,the current result is prilimnary, large nuber size at different location should be considred to subsatatiate the current result.
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Keywords
Fecundity Gene, Linear Body Measurement, Litter Size, Morphology and Phenotype