Water Supply Coverage and Performance Evaluation of Distribution System Using Hydraulic Simulation Software (The Case of Jijiga Town)
| dc.contributor.advisor | Daniel, Fikreselassie (PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Demelash, Mulu | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-06-15T09:14:52Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-11T08:32:28Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-06-15T09:14:52Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-11T08:32:28Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-02 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Most Ethiopian cities are characterized by having old water distribution networks upon which new extensions are linked in order to serve new areas, adding complexity to an aging network where full rehabilitation may not be practical due to economic constraints. In this research, the water distribution network of Jijiga City, one of the major Cities in Somali regional state, was studied for analyzing and optimizing its design and extension taking into consideration the effect of aging of the network, local conditions such as intermittent pumping, which is a way of operating the water distribution systems in most towns of developing world. The main objective of this study is to improve hydraulics performance of Jijiga city water supply distribution system and control its operation, Water CAD software was used as tool to model water distribution system analysis. The modeling effort included only hydraulic performance modeling. Simulation results for maximum and minimum pressures were used as base tool to evaluate the hydraulic performance in the distribution system. The modeling results showed violation of maximum and minimum pressure requirements. Along with this, the model analysis result shows the different problems of the system. These are aged pipes, oversized and undersized pipes, low and high pressures and water demand and supply status. The modeling of the system as continuous supply system depending on assumptions considering with future water consumption, availability of water, overcoming the problems of high pressures by using pressure reducing valves at specific locations, and assuming steady state analysis, shows the ability of the existing system to serve the Jijiga area and to cope the future extension. The output values of velocities are parallel reasonably to the assumed limits of velocities (0.1 m/s – 0.3 m/s) to avoid stagnation and quality water problems, also the pressure values are within the limits of the design pressures in the residential areas. Further evaluation has been carried out to investigate the total average day demand, peak hour demand factors and maximum day demand factor and to study the water supply coverage in Jijiga town. The peak hour demand factor was calculated to be 1.6, and a value of 25 l/c/d was recorded as average daily water consumption. Present nominal water supply coverage is calculated to be 49.6% and actual water supply coverage of the service is computed to be 43.11%. Generally, the model analysis result shows the different problems of the system. These are aged pipes, oversized and undersized pipes, low and high pressures and shortage of water from the source. The system should be modified using the design criteria of velocity, pressure and demand required. High pressures in the existing system caused by customers at too low demand have to be identified and solution is established using pressure-reducing valves. To retrieve the situation there is a need to intervene. Modification in operation, design and finding another reliable water source and injecting to the system will improve the current situation of the Jijiga town water distribution system. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/12345678/21594 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Water distribution system | en_US |
| dc.subject | modeling | en_US |
| dc.subject | Hydraulic performance | en_US |
| dc.subject | optimum pipe flow velocity | en_US |
| dc.subject | Maximum pressure | en_US |
| dc.subject | Minimum pressure | en_US |
| dc.subject | Pipe age | en_US |
| dc.subject | Jijiga | en_US |
| dc.title | Water Supply Coverage and Performance Evaluation of Distribution System Using Hydraulic Simulation Software (The Case of Jijiga Town) | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |