Abattoir Based Study of Epidemiology of Caprice Tuberculosis Using Conventional and Molecular Tools
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Date
2012-12
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease occurring in several animal species including domestic
and wild animals, as well as hennas. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to
September 2011 on 1990 randomly selected male goats slaughtered at Luna Export Abattoir
to estimate the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB), evaluate associated risk factors, and
molecularly characterize the causative agents. Postmortem examination, mycobacterial
culturing, Genus typing, region of difference (RD) based polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
and spoilage typing were the techniques used in the study. The overall prevalence of caprice
tuberculosis was 3.5 % (6911990).There was marked variation in TB prevalence between the
age categories and it was significantly higher in older goats (> 1.5 year) (X2 =6.436;
P=O.O II ).Variation of the disease between the different goat types and origins were not
statistically significant (P>0.05). Mediastina lymph node was the most severely (0.52±0.084)
and frequently (42%) affected tissue of goats. Culture and acid fast bacillus positivity was
confirmed in 12 % (8/69) of the goats with grossly visible tuberculosis lesion. Up on further
molecular characterization using multiplex PCR, five of the culture positive isolates showed
signal for the Genus Mycobacterium, of which four were identified to be members of the
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Deletion typing targeting RD4 performed on the four
isolates showed the evidence of the presence of RD4 in three isolates which appeared on the
gel. Further characterization of the three isolates using RD9 deletion typing has showed that
all of them were M tuberculosis. Spoleto typing of the isolates confirmed that one of the
isolate is SIT53where as the other two were new strains. The isolation of M tuberculosis
from goats in this study suggests evidence of transmission from humans. This also raises the
concern of the risk of transmission from goat-to-human and the need to raise awareness
among pastoralists consuming raw milk and meat derived from goats.
Keywords: Caprice tuberculosis, Epidemiology, Molecular typing, Abattoir, Ethiopia
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Keywords
Caprice tuberculosis, Epidemiology, Molecular typing, Abattoir, Ethiopia