Magnitude and Predictors of Early Neonatal Mortality in Selected Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,2020:retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.
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Date
2020-09
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: The first month of life is the riskiest time for child survival. Worldwide, anestimated 2.5 million newborns deceased in the first month of life in 2018 with estimate of7,000 death per day and a third of all neonatal deaths tend to occur on the day of birth andclose to three quarters die in the first week of life. Ethiopia is one of the ten countries whichaccount to two-third of global neonatal death.Objective: This study aims to assess magnitudeand predictors of early neonatal mortality among early neonates admitted in neonatalintensive care unit of selected governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,2020.
Methods and materials: Institutional based retrospective cross-sectional study designwas conductedat Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Gandhi memorial hospital, Zewudituhospital and Yekatit12 hospitalat Addis Ababa and data was collected from February 15 toJune 5, 2020 frommedical record sheets of early neonates who were admitted in NICU fromJanuary 1, 2018 to December 30, 2019 by using a check list with a total sample size of 303.Simple random sampling method was used to select hospitals and systematic samplingmethod to select study units. Descriptive statistics were used to compute individual variablesand regression analysis for associated variables by considering 95% CI, p value of 0.05 toshow strength of association by using SPSS version 24 software.Result:The studyreportrevealed that 18.2% of neonates died in their early neonatal period. Being pre-term[AOR: 0.088; 95% CI (0.015-0.515)], having birth defect [AOR: 2.759; 95% CI (1.072-7.1),oxygen treatment in early neonatal period [AOR: 11.629; 95% CI (4.950-27.317) andinitiation of breast feeding within one hour [AOR: 0.061; 95% CI (0.014-0.272)] aresignificantly associated with early neonatal outcome. Conclusion and recommendations: According to this study early neonatal mortality was decreased from the study donepreviously at Addis Ababa. Initiating breast feeding within one hour of birth, birth defect andOxygen treatment which was found to be a significant predictor of early neonatal mortalityby affecting neonatal outcome positively or negatively. So, it is better to give a specialattention for neonates admitted in NICU especially early neonates with important predictorsof mortality.
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Keywords
Neonate, neonatal outcome