Chemo Preventive Potential of Coffee Arabica in Colorectal Cancer Initiated With and Promoted By DMH in Rat Model
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Date
2015-04
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor recognized as a major cause of morbidity and
mortality throughout the world. Epidemiological and experimental studies unveiled the
importance of compounds derived from plants in reducing the risk of CRC. Recent metaanalyses
demonstrate inverse associations between coffee intake and CRC. The aim of the
present study was to evaluate chemopreventive potential of Coffee arabica in DMH-induced
colorectal carcinogenesis in the rat model through a two-phase study (initiation and postinitiation).
Thirty five female wistar rats were divided into seven equal groups. Rats in group IVII
except group VI (received normal saline alone) were given freshly prepared DMH (20 mg/kg
body weight, ip) in normal saline and pH adjusted (7.0) in 1mM NaOH, once a week for 5
weeks. Groups II and III were received additional oral dose of Coffee arabica (20 mg/kg and 40
mg/kg body weight, respectively) in the initiation phase. Group IV and V were received the same
dose of Coffee arabica given in group II and III, respectively) in the post-initiation phase. Group
VII was received low dose aspirin orally. After 10 weeks of treatment period, blood was
withdrawn for serum biochemical analysis, then animals were scarified and their colons were
subjected to macroscopic and microscopic studies. Taken together, the result of this study
showed that well characterized preneoplastic features such as multiple plaque lesions, aberrant
crypts and aberrant crypt foci were significantly found in the DMH alone treated group. The
numbers were significantly reduced in DMH followed by Coffee arabica or Aspirin treated
groups. Histologically different degree of dysplasia and hyperplasia observed in DMH treated
group. The simultaneous administration of DMH and Coffee arabica or Aspirin reduced these
features. In addition, our results showed that an appreciable counteracts effect of Coffee arabica
on serum biomarkers and body weights observed in DMH alone treated rats. The results of this
study surmise that the effects of Coffee arabica may be due to the presence of phenolic
compounds which have antioxidant activities. It brings suppression of cellular proliferation,
inhibits lipid profile elevation and interferes with serum protein and body weight declination.
Furthermore, this study was provided that Coffee arabica treatment, in both phases, tended to
considerably suppress tumor progression and invasion. The elucidation of the inhibitory effects
of Coffee arabica on the progressions and invasion of colorectal preneoplastic lesions is thus of
great importance and will provide promising targets for preventive and therapeutic interventions
of CRC.
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Keywords
Colorectal cancer (CRC)