Hiv-1 Subtype Epidemics in Ethiopia: An Assessment of the Prevalence of Non C-Subtypes in Addis Ababa
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Date
1998-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the possible influx of
new HIY-1 subtypes into the population of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
In an unlinked anonymous cross sectional study, 150 commercial
sex workers (CSW) reporting in 1997 to blo STD clinics in Addis
Ababa- Kazanchis and Tekle-Haimanot were enrolled. For HIY-1
subtyping, the WHO algorithm of peptide ELISA followed by
heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) and DNA sequencing was carried
out. The HIY-1 prevalence among the CSW was 44.7% (67/150).
Peptide ELISA identified 46.3% (31/67) plasma samples to be
reactive with subtype C peptides; 30% (20/67) to be reactive with
both subtype C and A peptides; 3% (2/67) to be reactive with
peptides A, C and D; 1.5% (1/67) with peptides Band D and 1.5%
(1/67) with peptides C and D. Six (9%) samples were indeterminate
(OD just below cut-off) and another 6 (9%) were non-reactive.
Subtyping performed with HMA identified 86.5% (58/67) as subtype
C, 6% (4/67) as subtype A and 1.5% (1/67) as subtype D. Four
plasma samples remained untypable using this technique. DNA
sequencing of the gp120 Y3 regions of 8 samples (2 subtype C, 3
subtype A, 2 untypable and 1 aberrant sample by HMA) clustered
all in subtype C. One subtype D sample by HMA was found to belong
to the same subtype by sequencing. Four samples remained
un typable by sequencing. In general, 95.5% (64/67) were subtype
C, 1.5% (1/67) subtype D and 3% (2/67) were untypable. In
conclusion, although this study provides evidence for influx of a
non-subtype C HIY-1 strain (D) into Addis Ababa, the far majority
of HIY-1 infections in this city remain of subtype C.
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Biology