Catheter Associated Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) Among Patients Admitted to Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2021-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Catheter associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) are common cause of hospital acquired infections. The emergence of Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), poses a significant problem in the management of CA-UTI. There is scarcity of information on the prevalence and drug resistance pattern of VRE among catheterized patients in the current study setting.
Objective: To determine the magnitude & prevalence of CA-UTI and CA-VRE in catheterized patients and to assess the knowledge and practice of health professionals on CA-UTI.
Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted on 270 catheterized patients admitted to Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College from December 2020 to June 2021. A total of 121 health professionals were also assessed for their KAP on CA-UTI. Urine samples were collected and inoculated on to blood and MacConkey agars, incubated at 35-37°C for 24 hours aerobically. Phenotypic identification was carried out by biochemical tests. Vancomycin resistance for Entrococcus was performed by E-test. Data on level of knowledge and practice on CA-UTI was collected from health professionals using questionnaire and analysed by using SPSS version 20.P-value < 0.05 was used as statistically significant.
Result: CA-UTI was detected in 31.9% of the study participants. E.coli was the most prevalent isolate (9.3%) followed by Enterococci (7.4%).The Enterococcus isolates showed highest resistance for penicillin (95%) followed by Doxycycline (55%) and erythromycin(50%). In contrast, lower resistance was documented for Ciprofloxacin (25%), Meropenem (20%) and Vancomycin (20%).The prevalence of CA-VRE among the Enterococcus isolates was 20%.
Among health professionals participated in the study, 94.2% had knowledge on CA-UTI. Only 34.7% had awareness on CA-VRE and 19.8% had knowledge on bacterial biofilm formation.
Conclusion: The overall prevalence of CA-UTI and CA-VRE was 31.9% and 20% respectively. Medical ward, intermittent catheterization and previous UTI have strong association with CAUTI, <0.05. Health professionals have little knowledgeon VRE and bacterial biofilm formations. Adherence to safety practice and periodic AMR screening in hospital can decrease the prevalence of CA-VRE and improve treatment outcome of hospitalised patients.
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Catheter associated vancomycin resistant Enterococcus, knowledge and practice,