Molecular Epidemiology of Bovine Tuberculosis in Cattle and Its Public Health Implications in Gambella Town and Its Surroundings, Gambella Regional State, Ethiopia
| dc.contributor.advisor | Mamo, Bedaso (PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Alemu, Jemberu | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2018-06-28T13:19:03Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-30T12:54:17Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2018-06-28T13:19:03Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-30T12:54:17Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2015-06 | |
| dc.description.abstract | A cross sectional study was conducted in Gambella town municipal abattoir and health centers in Gambella People Regional State of southwest Ethiopia, to investigate the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis, isolation and molecular characterization of its causative agents and to assess its public health implications from December 2013 to May 2014. Postmorm examination, bacteriological culturing, multiplex PCR, RD deletion typing and spoligotyping were used for investigation. A total of 500 Cattle and 50 AFB positive human TB patients were recruited under the study. The overall prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle was 13.2% (66/500) (95%CI: 10.22-16.18) on the basis of detailed postmortem examination. Statistical significant difference was observed in the prevalence of BTB among different groups of body condition scoring (χ2 = 39.105, P=0.000, df =1), between sex (χ2 = 7.661, P=0.006, df =1) and breeds (χ2 = 24.996, P=0.000, df =1). Poor body conditioned animals were more likely to develop TB lesions (OR=12.16, 95%CI, 4.58-32.24) than good body conditioned animals. Out of 82 tissue samples cultured, 14(17.07%) were bacteriologically culture positive and all were acid fast positive. From a total of 50 sputum sample collected and cultured from human TB cases, 17 (34%) showed growth on LJ medium. Molecular characterization of 11 mycobacterial isolates from human patients using RD9 deletion typing showed that all were M. tuberculosis and further spoligotyping of the isolated revealed that SIT289, SIT134, SIT1634, SIT142 and one new strain not found in the spoligotype databases. Of these M. tuberculosis strains identified SIT 289 and SIT134 were found in cluster with 45.5% ( 5/11) cluster rate for SIT289 and 27.3(3/11) for SIT134 indicating the recent transmission of the stains in the community. Lineage of the human isolates indicated that 27.3% (3/11) Euro-American, 9.1% (1/11) Indo-oceanic and 63.6% (7/11) were unknown lineage family in TB-insight database. Interestingly, one isolate from animal taken from cranial mediastinal lymph node was confirmed to be M. tuberculosis using RD4 deletion typing and spoligotyping, in which the isolate was identified as SIT523 with indo-oceanic lineage family. This isolation of M. tuberculosis from cattle suggests that the presence of reverse zoonosis which needs further investigation. Awareness of cattle owners for BTB XIV was found to be insufficient (22%) and the result also revealed the presence of potential risk factor for zoonotic transmission. In conclusion, the present study revealed a moderately high prevalence of BTB in cattle of Gambella Region, the presence of clustering indicates the recent transmission of the stains in the community and moreover isolation of M. tuberculosis in cattle and occurrence of various strains of M. tuberculosis in the communities warrants further investigation on the transmission of the disease in Gambella Region. Key words: Bovine tuberculosis, Gambella, Molecular epidemiology, RD typing Spoligotyping, Public health, Zoonosis | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/4724 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababauniversity | en_US |
| dc.subject | Bovine tuberculosis | en_US |
| dc.subject | Gambella | en_US |
| dc.subject | Molecular epidemiology | en_US |
| dc.subject | RD typing Spoligotyping | en_US |
| dc.subject | Public health Zoonosis | en_US |
| dc.title | Molecular Epidemiology of Bovine Tuberculosis in Cattle and Its Public Health Implications in Gambella Town and Its Surroundings, Gambella Regional State, Ethiopia | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |