Antitrypanosomal Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants against Trypanosoma congolense Field Isolate
| dc.contributor.advisor | Abay,Solomon Mequanente(PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Dereje,Beza | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-08-13T08:11:59Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-08-13T08:11:59Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023-11 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Trypanosomiasis is among the most common neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) of humans and animals. It mainly affects countries with poor health infrastructures and the actual disease burden is unknown. It is estimated that 10 to 14 million heads of cattle, goats and a million equines are at risk of contracting the disease in Ethiopia. Trypanocidal drugs are currently facing a number of problems like toxicity, resistance and availability issues. These limitations have prompted the search for new, safe and effective drugs. In Ethiopia, the seed of Brucea antidysentrica, the leaf of Clematis hirsuta and the root of Rumex nepalensis are used to treat animal trypanosome infection by traditional healers. The study aimed to investigate the in vitro activity of selected medicinal plants against Trypanosoma congolense and in vivo antitrypanosomal activity of the most active plant. The plants were extracted by 80% methanol maceration and tested for their in vitro activity using motility test (at concentration of 4, 2, 0.4 and 0.1 mg/ml) for cessation or reduction in motility of trypanosomes followed by monitoring for loss of infectivity of mice. After 12 days of T. congolense field isolate inoculation of mice and peak parasitaemia level (~108 trypanosomes/ml) was reached, 80% methanol extract of roots of Rumex nepalensis was administered at doses of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg orally once daily for 7 days. ii The packed cell volume, body weight, parasitaemia level and rectal temperature were used as parameters for monitoring in vivo activity by comparing with the positive control: 28 mg/kg dose of diminazene aceturate and negative control: 1% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) treated groups. The statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test. The motility of T. congolense was ceased by R. nepalensis, B. antidysentrica, and C. hirsuta at concentration of 4mg/ml within 10, 25 and 35min, respectively. Mice treated with 4mg/ml of R. nepalensis and Diminazene aceturate caused loss of infectivity of trypanosomes in mice for 21 days after the inoculation of the in vitro mixtures. The 80% methanol extract of roots of Rumex nepalensis at dose of 2000 mg/kg did not show acute toxicity signs and symptoms. Highly significant (p<0.001) reduction in pre-treatment parasitaemia from (7.30±0.06) to (2.70±1.21) trypanosomes/ml on day 8 of treatment and increased PCV from (45.83±0.31) to (48.00±0.26) and body weight increased from (22.63±0.55) to (26.60±1.14) gram at day 14 was recorded in mice treated with 80% methanol extract of roots of R. nepalensis at the dose of 400 mg/kg. The results revealed that the selected medicinal plants showed antitrypanosomal activity that supports their traditional claim and prompted further studies on isolated active substances from these plants. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/6725 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | |
| dc.subject | Antitrypanosomal activity | |
| dc.subject | Trypanosoma congolense | |
| dc.subject | Rumex nepalensis | |
| dc.subject | Brucea antidysentrica | |
| dc.subject | Clematis hirsuta. | |
| dc.title | Antitrypanosomal Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants against Trypanosoma congolense Field Isolate | |
| dc.type | Thesis |