Mother- to-Child Transmission of Hiv Infection and its Associated Factor among Exposed Infants on Care and Follow-up In Selected Health Centers, Addis Ababa Ethiopia, 2017
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Date
2017-09
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Back ground: Mother to child transmission of HIV is responsible for about 20% of all HIVtransmissions of which 95% are found in the Sub-Saharan Africa. Without any intervention,MTCT of HIV among non-breastfeeding infants’ ranges from 14-32% in developed nations to25- 48% in resource limited populations. Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission(PMTCT) is still the most effective intervention in fighting new HIV infections.
Objective: To assess the transmission rate and the associated factors of Mother-to-ChildTransmission of HIV Infection among Exposed Infants on Care and Follow-Up in selected healthcenters of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017
Methods and Materials: A facility based retrospective study was conducted on HIV exposedinfants who were on care and follow up from September 2012 to August 2016 enrolled in 10selected health centers from Lideta, Arada and NifasSilkeLafto Sub Cities. The study wasconducted from January to June 2017 by revising records of HIV positive mothers’ and their HIV exposed infants’ at PMTCT clinics of the 10 selected health centers. For this study thesample size was 228; the study subjects were selected using simple random sampling method.
Results: Of the 228 infants 5 (2.2%) were found HIV positive during follow up. Two hundredtwenty (96.5%) had exclusive breastfeeding, whereas 8 (3.5 %) of the study subjects hadexclusive replaced formula feeding. ART prophylaxis was given to 225 (98.7 %) of the exposedinfants, only 2 (0.9%) haven’t received ART prophylaxis. Initiation time of ART for the motherwas significantly associated with the HIV status of exposed infants {AOR=0.32, 95%CI (0.015-0.74)}.
Conclusion and Recommendation: The study revealed that very low prevalence of mother tochild transmission of HIV. There is a need to maintain current implementation of prevention ofmother to child transmission program to help ensure that continually maintain low MTCT ofHIV prevalence.
Key terms HIV; Breast feeding; MTCT; PMTCT; Infant HIV exposure
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HIV Breast feeding MTCT PMTCT Infant HIV exposure