Biodiesel Production from Crude Jatrophaoil Using Calcinated Egg Shell and Hydrotalcite Nano Catalysts
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2017-10-01
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Biodiesel Production From Crude Jatropha Oil Using Calcinated Egg Shell And Hydrotalcite Nano Catalysts
Mekedes Derese
Addis Ababa University, 2017
Biodiesel Is A Renewable Alternative To Petro-Diesel, Derived From Vegetable Oils And Animal Fats. The Use Of Biodiesel In Place Of Petro-Diesel Leads To Reduced Emissions Of Greenhouse Gases (Ghgs) And Ensure Energy Security. Petroleum Consumption And GHG Emission Increased Globally. From 2007 – 2016 Ethiopia, Released About 27.2kt Of CO2 Into The Atmosphere From Petrol Products. In The Last Few Years, However, Ethiopia Has Been Shown Remarkable Move Towards Bioenergy, Particularly Biodiesel And Biogas. Jatropha Oil, The Second-Generation Biofuel, Has The Highest Potential For Biodiesel Production. In Ethiopia, About 166082.41 Km2 Areas Are Suitable For Jatropha Plantation. In This Study, The Biodiesel Production Is Carried Out Via Transesterification Using Highly Active Heterogeneous Nano Catalysts (I.E. Calcium Oxide And Layer Double Hydroxide).Cao Nano Catalyst Was Prepared From Calcinated Egg Shell Whereas Layer Double Hydroxide (LDH), Particularly The Hydrotalcite Catalyst Was Prepared By Co Precipitation Of Aluminum And Magnesium Nitrates. The Large Surface Area To Volume Ratio Of Nanoparticles Makes Them Improve The Biodiesel Quality And Yield. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Result Of LDH And Cao Nano Particles Reveals The Average Crystal Sizes Of 53.79 Nm And 42.03 Nm, Respectively With Amorphous And Crystal Structure. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Results Of Both Catalyst Show Macro-Porous Structure In Morphology. The Maximum Biodiesel Yield Was Found To Be 97.5% Using Cao Nanocatalysts At Optimal Conditions, I.E., Methanol To Oil Ratio 9:1, Temperature 65 0C, Catalyst 3% And 3 Hours Reaction Time. Similarly,90% Biodiesel Yield Using LDH At Optimal Conditions, I.E., Methanol To Oil Ratio 5:1, Temperature 50 0C And Catalyst 2%. Both Catalysts Exhibited The Highest Conversion Efficiency And A Result In Good Quality Biodiesel.Cao Nano Catalyst Shows Higher Catalytic Activity Than LDH Due To Its Higher Surface Area To Volume Ratio. The Biodiesel Fuel Property Is Comparable With The Fuel, ASTM D6751.Jatropha Plantation Encouraged On The Degraded Areas Because Of The Dual Nature On Rehabilitation And Biodiesel Production.
Description
Keywords
Biodiesel, Nano Catalyst, Egg Shell, Hydrotalcite, Jatropha Curcas