Genetic Diversity Study of Linseed Genotypes on Acidic Soil at Bedi Trial Site, Central Highland of Ethiopia
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Date
2010-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Linseed (Linum usitatissimim L. 2n = 30) is the second most important oilseed crop in
production after noug in the higher altitudes of Ethiopia. It is suited to a wide range of soil
types but it is sensitive to and performs poorly on the acidic soils. Sixty-four linseed
genotypes, consisting of six exotic, one standard check and 47 single plant selection from
different crosses were evaluated by simple lattice design with two replications for their
tolerance to acidic soil at Bedi Trial Site in Central Ethiopia during 2009/2010 cropping
season. Data were collected for 14 characters and statistically analyzed. Analysis of variance
showed significant differences among the genotypes for root length, days to flowering, days
to maturity, plant height, seed yield per plot, seed yield per plant, tillers per plant, number of
primary branches per plant, 1000 seed weight, oil yield and oil content. However, the
numbers of capsules per plant and secondary branches per plant were non-significant. High
phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variations were recorded for seed yield per plant,
seed yield per plot, oil yield per plot, number of primary branches and tillers per plant.
Conversely, oil content, 1000 seed weight, days to flowering and days to maturity showed low
phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variations. Heritability in the broad sense is
adequately high for all characters and comparatively higher heritability was observed for oil
content, 1000 seed weight and days to maturity. Relatively, higher heritability was coupled
with high genetic advance for days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, capsules per
plant and vigourisity. High heritability, associated with low predicted genetic advance, was
estimated for oil content, seed yield per plant, 1000 seed weight, root length, tillers per plant,
primary and secondary branches per plant. Simple correlation coefficient analysis revealed
that seed and oil yields (kg/ha) had positive and significant correlation with seed yield per
plant, tillers per plant, primary and secondary branches, capsules per plant, and vigourisity.
Significant and positive correlation was observed for oil content only with 1000 seed weight
but negative correlation with vigourisity and tillers per plant. Positive and significant
correlation of days to maturity with root length and plant height was observed. Root length
had positive and significant correlation with days to maturity, plant height, seed yield per
plant, tillers per plant, vigourisity of plants, seed yield per plot, primary and secondary
branches per plant, capsules per plant and oil yield. The study showed that linseed genotypes
with longer root lengths such as Omega X CI-1525/B/3, Chilalo X R-12-N27G/P2/S2, CDC-
1747XCI-1652/S2, PGRC/E10306 X Chilalo/B/4, etc., were among higher seed yielders. In
general, seed yield of the genotypes increased with increase in root length and these
genotypes are thought to be more tolerant to acidic soil. Cluster analysis of genotypes from
six different sources grouped them into seven different classes. Analysis of Mahalanobis’s D2
showed significant genetic distances between all clusters except between the first and the
second clusters. Generally, no clear cut relationship was observed among different sources of
genotypes since genotypes from the different sources of origin fell into the same cluster and
genotypes of the same source were distributed into different clusters, indicating that
genotypes from the same origin may have different genetic background and vice-versa.
Principal component analysis revealed that seed yield per hectare, oil yield per hectare,
vigourisity of plants and oil content were the most determining characters in grouping
genotypes into the clusters.
Key words: Clustering genotypes, genetic diversity, linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.),
soil acidity
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Keywords
Clustering genotypes, genetic diversity, linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.),, soil acidity