Determinants of preterm birth among newborns delivered in public hospitals of Hawassa Town,South,Ethiopia,2020:a case control study.
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Date
2020-09
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background Preterm birth is alive childbirth before 37 completed weeks or 259 days of
gestation from the first date of a woman's last menstrual period. About 15 million babies are
born preterm annually and more than a million died due to complications. Preterm birth rates
appear to have increased over time and the exact cause of preterm birth is unknown with
different risk factors are assumed to have an association. Objective The objective of the study
was to assess determinants of preterm birth among newborns in public hospitals of Hawassa
town, Southern Ethiopia, 2020.Method A Facility-based unmatched case-control study design
was conducted from March 1
st
to June 30
th
, 2020.The sample size was determinedfrom
previous studies by considering double population proportions formulausing r = 2 (ratio of
cases to controls), 80% power and 95% confidence level and total sample size was270
mothers 90 cases and 180 controls. Consecutive sampling method for cases and systematic
random sampling controls were used.Data was coded and entered into Epi data 3.1 and
analyzed by using SPSS version 25.Variables that had (P- value <0.25) in the bivariate
logistic regression analysis were entered in multivariable logistic regression model. Finally pvalue
<0.05
was
used
to
claim
statistical
significance.
Result
Out
of
the
270
mothers,
a
total
of
266 participated in the study comprising 89 cases and 177 controls with a 98% response
rate. Factors like sex of newbornAOR3.39, 95% CI (1.53-7.52), parity AOR4.25,95%CI(1.7010.59),
pregnancy induced hypertensionAOR5.62,95%CI(1.10-28.71), antepartum
hemorrhage hemorrhage AOR9.20,95%CI(2.09-40.32),premature rapture of
membraneAOR4.69,95%CI(1.83-12.07), birth weight AOR6.2,95%CI(1.97-19.53), stressful
lifeeventsAOR5.67,95%CI(2.16-14.91) and intimate partner violence AOR5.19,95%CI(2.0613.07)were
found to predict preterm birth. Therefore interventions that target the identified
modifiable risk factors should be developed by health professionals, professional associations,
ministry of health in collaboration with non-governmental organization.
Description
Keywords
Preterm birth,Risk factor,Gestational age, Newborn, Ethiopia