Genetic Diversity of Khat as Revealed by ISSR Markers
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Date
2019-09-09
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Khat (Catha edulis) is a plant that is habitually chewed for its euphoric and stimulatory effects. In Ethiopia there are many khat types produced which are identified only by their place of growth. No studies were conducted on khat genetic diversity and this study is designed to fill this gap. This study aimed at evaluating genetic diversity of seven populations of khat obtained from different locations of Ethiopia. DNA was extracted using modified CTAB method of Wang et al. (1996). Fourty amplified fragments were obtained using five ISSR primers. Nei‘s genetic diversity ranged from 0.22 to 0.36 with mean of 0.32 and Shannon information index ranged from 0.31 to 0.52 with mean of 0.47. Within population diversity based on polymorphic bands ranged from 52.5% to 85% with mean of 77.14 %. The AMOVA indicated within population diversity of 79% and among population diversity of 20.9%. The highest diversity was obtained from Gurage, Gelemso and Wendo populations and the lowest was from Hirna. This study showed that there is a considerable genetic diversity among and within khat populations. This was indicated by the allele observed and clusters generated. PCoA, NJ and UPGMA showed comparable results with strong cluster in majority of individuals of the populations. The objective of the study was to identify the extent of genetic diversity exist among khat population.
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Catha Edulis, Genetic Diversity, Issr, Khat