Antilipidemic Properties of Calpurnia Aurea Leaf Extract on High Fat Diet Induced Hyperlipidemia Male Albino wistar Rats
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Date
2017-01
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperlipidemia is an elevation of the plasma lipids such as triglycerides,
cholesterols, cholesterol esters, phospholipids and/or plasma lipoproteins including very low density
lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein, and reduced in the circulating high-density lipoprotein
levels. It is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease such as atherosclerosis and
myocardial infarction.
Objective: To investigate the antilipidemic properties of hydromethanolic extract of Calpurnia
aurea leafs against high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic male albino wistar rats.
Methods: Thirty albino Wistar rats’ 60-75days old and weight of 150- 200 grams were divided
randomly in to six groups of five each. Group I served as normal control, group II received high fat
diet (48.8% fat w/w) containing lard made from beef fat and mixed with hydrogenated vegetable oil,
group III received high fat diet supplement with 3.5 mg/kg/day atorvastatin as standard control and
the remaining three groups IV, V and VI received high fat diet along with hydromethanolc extract of
Calpurnia aurea at (200,300 and 400) mg/kg/day respectively for 60 days. Food intake, Body weight,
body mass index, serum lipid profiles and liver histopathology were assessed.
Results: The result of this study revealed hydromethanolic extract of Calpurnia aurea /HMECA
have dose dependent antilipidemic activities. Calpurnia aurea treatment of 400mg/kg caused a
significant lowering of (p < 0.05) of serum LDL from 28.53±12.2 mg/dl to 9.70 ± 5.77 mg/dL; the
serum Cholesterol level from 92.00± 13.0 mg/dl to 60.33± 8.60 mg/dl; and the serum triglyceride
leve1from 71.83 ± 13.0 mg/dl to 84.73±19.4 mg/dl and on the other hand for the same dose it had
significant elevated serum HDL levels from 11.66 ±1.23 mg/dl to 29.66± 1.52 mg/dl. At the medium
dose of 300mg /kg it was not effective as 400mg /kg and at the minimal dose of 200mg/kg brought
numerical difference not statisticaly significant among the serum lipid profile.
Conclusion: These observations suggest that HMECA has a dose dependent antihyperlipidemic
effect against high fat diet induced hyperlipidemia. The molecular mechanism of antilipidemic
activities of this drug need to be studied.
KEY WORDS: Calpurnia aurea, High fat diet, Hyperlipidemia, Lipid profile, Atorovastatin.
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Keywords
Calpurnia aurea; High fat diet; Hyperlipidemia; Lipid profile; Atorovastatin.