Electromagnetic Fields in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
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Date
2021-03-25
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Understanding the Quark Gluon Plasma, whose existence was known from the combination of three
observations; is the central goal of high energy physics. All the three observations came from studying
elliptic ow: how the energy; momentum and number of created particles are not uniform with direction.
Any elliptic ow related studies have the chance to clear the road of understanding QGP well and answering
what a_ects elliptic ow is part of the journey. This includes quantifying the created electromagnetic _eld
during heavy ion collisions; which is ignored by the hydrodynamic models; and investigating its contribution
to the ow of particles. So; the purpose of this research was to investigate the e_ect of electromagnetic
_eld evolution created in relativistic heavy ion collision on the ow of identi_ed particles. In order to
address these problems; our model set-up followed three basic steps: describe the full relativistic viscous
hydrodynamics of the considered heavy ions collision using the well known iEBEVISHNU frame work;
calculate the electromagnetic _eld created by the system with the possible drifting velocity sparked by it
and _nally investigate the change it brought to the _nal ow of those particles after injecting the drift
velocities. The evolution of the electromagnetic _elds calculated was found to play a role on the bending of
ow. Beside the nature of created particles; the _eld evolution was a_ected by the electrical conductivity
of the evolved system. The _eld arouse ow at lower transverse momentum and suppress it at higher. This
change in ow is larger for heavier particles than the lighter ones during the early evolution time. Finally
we found that; even ow harmonics are a_ected than the odds. This study de_nitively answers the question
on whether elliptic ow is a_ected by the evolved electromagnetic _eld or not. Further study by softening
many of the crude assumptions we made and a full event by event viscous hydrodynamic simulation, keeping
the functionality of parameters we took as constant, is needed to establish a better ground on understanding
the e_ect of electromagnetic _eld well and see from there what new things we can learn about the QGP.
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Keywords
Electromagnetic, Fields, Relativistic, Heavy Ion Collisions