Determinants of Outcome of Counseling Hiv Positive People in Addis Ababa
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Date
2007-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 191 HIV positive client's of age above 15
years (124 females and 67 males) at three counseling centers in Addis Ababa in May,
2007 to determine the effect of the client's background, the content of the counselor's
message using the health belief model as a framework, and the counselor's approach
using client-centered theory on the outcomes of counseling HIV positive people. The
study has found out that female gender increases the risk of poor interaction with one's
family after HIV diagnosis (OR=.38, 95%C/= .16- .9, p< .05) and male HIV positive
clients were found to be less rejected by others after their HIV diagnosis (OR = .31,
95%CI= .126- . 745, p= .009). Thirty-two (16.8%) of the respondents reported that the
counselor's message was irrelevant to them, and irrelevant information was found to
increase feelings of guilt (OR= 2.8, 95%CI= 1.2- 6.4, p< .05). 1ncluding the four key
beliefs of the health- belief model (susceptibility of clients to negative outcomes, severity
of negative outcomes, benefits of performing specific plans (behaviors), and barriers of
performing specific plans) in the counselor's message minimizes ·specific negative
outcomes. No statistically significant association was found between the counselor's
congruence or respect of the client and the client's counseling outcome. But perceived
loss of confidentiality was found to increase the major negative outcome depression
(OR= 2.2, 95%CI=1.J3- 5.86, P<.05). Interaction with family andfriends was found to
be supportive for above 80% of the HIV positive clients. These results indicate that
counselor's must be very careful about the content of their message, client-centered
approach should be investigated jilrther, family counseling with consent from the specific
client should be considered, and more focus should be given for female HIV positive
clients.
Key terms: VCT, Itealth- belief model, ciient- centered cOllnseling
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Keywords
VCT, health, belief model, ciient, centered cOllnseling