Innovative Approach Towards Sustainable External Wall System: State of the Art Review on Pcm
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Date
2017-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
One of the crucial concerns in Ethiopia is creating sustainable development. The number of public and private construction projects in Ethiopia is increasing rapidly. Thus, the various activities and materials involved in the structural engineering aspect of constructed deliverables from material selection through its lifecycle utilization and eventual disposal play a significant role the overall process of sustainable development. A material is only considered a renewable or sustainable resource if it can be replaced at a rate that meets or exceeds the rate of its consumption. Traditionally, cost consideration is the main reason for choosing construction materials; but the integrated environmental and economic sustainability aspects should also be considered. One of such materials that contribute to sustainability is the use of Phase Changing Materials (PCM) as storage medium for both cooling and heating applications which substantially reduces the energy demands of building sectors. This thesis is concerned with the material composition and geometric aspects of non-structural walls as related to their environmental effects.
The data sources for this study include primary and secondary sources. Primary data was obtained from National Metrology Agency (NME). It includes Ten Years of monthly average maximum and minimum temperatures for the two most populated cities in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa and represented by the total of five stations. Whereas secondary resources have been various literature related to the study.
Finally, thermal analysis was done for three procedures containing a total of seventy-nine cases. The results of the analysis indicate that Heat Flux decrease as the thickness of the wall increases and as the temperature decrease. Average thickness of 25cm is recommended for concrete wall to create a thermal comfort. However, as the temperature increases, latent heat storage system should be provided for additional heat storage capacity. Furthermore, greater Heat Flux can be obtained for wall containing PCM rather than the one without PCM and also the drop of temperature is gradual throughout thickness for wall containing PCM. Finally, it is recommended that, PCM should be integrated in construction materials to maintain temperature fluctuations.
Key Words and phrases: Phase Change material (PCM), Sustainable Materials, Non-Structural Walls, Heat Transfer
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Keywords
Phase Change material (PCM), Sustainable Materials, Non-Structural Walls, Heat Transfer