Evaluation of in vivo anti-malarial activity of 80% methanol extract and solvent fractions of seeds of Prunes persica (L) Bastche against Plasmodium berghei in mice
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2019-12
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Malaria continues as major health problem in subtropical region of the world. The resistances of
malaria parasites to available drugs endanger all the good result that has been found. Therefore,
the development of novel drug is a must to do job. One of the key sources is traditional
medicinal plant. Prunes persica (L) Bastche is a common fruit and belongs to the family
Rosaceae (subfamily Prunoideae). The seed extract of Prunes persica (L) Bastche is traditionally
used as anti-malarial agent in Shinasha society North West of Ethiopia. However, no scientific
investigation has been carried out to substantiate this claim. This study was conducted to
evaluate anti-plasmodial activity of 80% methanol seed extract and solvent fractions of the plant
Prunes persica (L) Bastche in mice model. To assess the effect, various dose (200,400 and 800
mg/kg) of the seed extract and butanol (BF), chloroform (CF) and aqueous (AF) fractions of
crude extract were administered to Plasmodium berghei infected mice using 4 day suppressive
test scheme. The parameters, including parasitemia load, survival time, change in body weight,
temperature and packed cell volume were then determined within 4 days. The result revealed that
crude extract of seed has relatively good parasitemia suppression rate 34.59% at 200mg/kg,
51.75% at 400mg /kg, 76.04% at 800mg/kg, negative control DW10 ml/kg 0 % and positive
control CQ25mg/kg 100%. From the solvent fractions BF scored highest parasitemia suppression
rate 36.64% at 200mg/kg, 46.01% at 400mg/kg, 54.96% at 800mg/kg, negative control DW10
ml/kg 0 % and positive control CQ25mg/kg 100%. AF had second highest parasitemia
suppuration rate 32.85% at 200mg/kg, 44.56% at 400mg/kg, 50.99% at 800mg/kg, negative
control DW10 ml/kg 0 % and positive control CQ25mg/kg 100% and CF has lowest parasitemia
suppuration rate29.49% at 200mg/kg, 34.15% at 400mg/kg, 44.00% at 800mg/kg, negative
control DW10 ml/kg 0 % and positive control CQ25mg/kg 100%. All dose level of the seed
crude extract prevented loss of weight, elevation in body temperature and anemia on early and
established infection. BF and AF did also reverse reduction in body weight and packed cell
volume. Lastly, phyto-chemical screening of the extracts showed the presence of different
secondary metabolites such as tannins, alkaloids, anthocyanins, terpenoids, saponins, phenols,
and flavonoids. In conclusion, the plant has anti-plasmodial activity.
Description
Keywords
In vivo, Prunus persica (L).Bastche, Anti-malarial, Plasmodium berghei, suppressive study.