Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Hospital Sewage and Polluted River: the Cases of Adama Hospital Medical College in Adama and Yerer River in Dukem
| dc.contributor.advisor | Alemayehu Godana | |
| dc.contributor.author | Kajelcha Fikadu | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-08-17T22:36:27Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-08-17T22:36:27Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2024-11 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli is dramatically increasing across the world, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where untreated wastewater can disseminate resistant bacteria into the environment. Untreated wastewater discharged from hospitals and industries is the most known vehicle for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance genes. The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile of E. coli isolates from hospital sewage and polluted river samples in Adama and Dukem, respectively. The hospital sewage and polluted water samples were collected from Adama Hospital Medical College and two rivers in Dukem. The samples were transported to Addis Ababa University, Institute of Biotechnology Laboratory. For the purpose of isolating E. coli, the samples were cultivated on Eosin Methylene Blue agar, MacKonkey agar, and Nutrient agar media. Biochemical tests, including Gram staining, IMViC, TSI, and SCA, were used for the identification of E. coli isolates. The researchers evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the E. coli isolates using the Kirby-Bauer’s disc diffusion method. The identified E. coli isolates were then cultured on Mueller Hinton agar media at 37°C for 24 hours, after which the inhibition zone was measured by a digital ruler. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to confirm the presence of resistance-associated genes in the E. coli isolates. A total of 75 presumed E. coli isolates were obtained via culture. Among these isolates, 50 isolates were subjected to AST. The isolates from Yerer River before the industrial waste entry site (YRBI) did not show multiple antimicrobial resistance (MAR), while the isolates from Xadacha River (XR) and Yerer River After Industrial waste entry site (YRAI) showed resistance profiles of 66.67% and 90%, respectively. This study also revealed that 86.67% of hospital sewage isolates and 65% of river water isolates showed MAR. PCR amplification confirmed the presence of tetA and blaTEM genes in 83.33% and 57.14% of the AMR isolates, respectively. In conclusion, the study showed that untreated hospital sewage and pollute river water are considered major reservoirs for the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli among humans, animals, and the environment. The study advocates for improved wastewater treatment, stringent regulations on antimicrobial use, and regular monitoring to curb the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/6914 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | |
| dc.subject | Antimicrobial Resistance | |
| dc.subject | Escherichia Coli | |
| dc.subject | Hospital Sewage | |
| dc.subject | Polluted River | |
| dc.title | Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Hospital Sewage and Polluted River: the Cases of Adama Hospital Medical College in Adama and Yerer River in Dukem | |
| dc.type | Thesis |