Prevalence of cervical cancer and associated factors among women living with HIV in selected public health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2023-05-20
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the second and the fourth most common cancer women in the reproductive age group worldwide and in nations with limited resources respectively. Despite being the most treatable and preventable form of cancer as compared to other malignancies but it is still public health problem. Why common, risk factors and how the magnitude of CC among women who had HIV positive detail seen in this study. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the primary cause of CC; nearly all sexually active people typically acquire the virus once throughout their life time and spread faster in immune-compromised persons. Objective: To assess the prevalence of cervical cancer and its risk factors in selected public health facilities that serve women who are HIV positive in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done at the institution level in five selected governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa. Four hundred twenty four participants were selected in a systematic random sampling technique and data was collected through face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires’ .The collected data was entered into Epi-data version 4.6.0.6 and analyzed by SPSS version 26. The association of the variables was checked by using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression and 95% CI and pvalue less than 0.05 was computed to determine the level of significance. Results: The sample population for this study consisted of 424 females with 99% (four hundred twenty one) response rate; Prevalence of CC was 6.5% (28/421). Women who hadn’t a history of cervical cancer screening were at a higher risk of obtaining the disease than those clients who had history of screening (AOR 330 (92.8-973.38) p-value = 0.000) , Participants who smoked cigarettes had a 14-fold increased risk of developing cervical cancer compared to non-smokers (AOR 14.098 (CI2.191- 90.729, p-value =0.005).Women who had low CD4 count were more likely to have cervical cancer than those with normal CD4 count (AOR 139.680(43.225_ 451.366 ), p-value =0.000). Conclusion and Recommendation: The study came to the conclusion that factors related with cervical cancer included, smoking history, low CD4 cell count, and poor cervical cancer screening practices. The results of this study indicate that, in order to improve CC screening, to enhance reproductive health education and promotion and scale up limited services, routine care and treatment should include cervical screening so that HIV-positive women can receive counseling during every clinical encounter. Raise knowledge about the impact of smoking, encourage early HIV diagnosis and HAART initiation, and timely baseline CD4 cell count is important.
Description
Keywords
encourage early HIV diagnosis and HAART initiation