A Retrospective Study of Histopathologic Patterns of Odontogenic Tumors ,CYSTS and Maxillofacial Bone Tumors Submitted to Department of Pathology,A5Year Experience at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital From September 2013to August of 2018.
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Date
2018-08
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction: The objectives of this study were to analyse, compare and contrast the demographic, clinical and pathological data of odontogenic tumours , cysts and maxillofacial bone tumors seen at Tikur Anbesa Hospital, Pathology department and compare with other international data as an aid
to clinicians in diagnosing odontogenic and maxillofacial bone lesions.
Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective study of odontogenic tumours and cysts and bone lesions diagnosed from Sep 2013 - Oct 2018 at this centre. These were analyzed for age, gender, site of tumor and histopathologic typing. The odontogenic tumours were classified using the 2005 World Health Organization classification system.
Results: From a total of 132 patient cases reviewed , only 107 were having complete records suitable for the study. Of the remaining 107 cases, 59 (55.1%) of the study subjects were males while remaining 48(44.9%) were female. M:F ratio of 1:1.2. Mean age of patients was 27.8years . The commonest age group for both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions were in the first and second decades. 60(56.1%) of cases were Benign, 16(15.0%) were Malignant and the rest 31(29%) were nonneoplastic. Most (94.4%) of the biopsy specimen were received from Maxillofacial surgery unit of Yekatit 12 Hospital. Out of the 31 Non-neoplastic cases, 27(87%) of the cases were
Odontogenic cysts. Of these, 17(63%) occurred in males and 10(37%) in females. The mean age of occurrence of Odontogenic cysts was 31.56 years. The most frequently recognized Odontogenic cysts were Benign Odontogenic
cyst 9(33.3%), followed by Dentigerous cyst 8(29.6%), Odontogenic keratocyst 5(18.5%)and Radicular cyst 5(18.5%). The most commonly affected location by Odontogenic cysts were Maxilla 17(63%) followed by
Mandible 9(33.3%). From the 60 benign cases, the commonest benign Odontogenic tumor was Ameloblastoma 15(25%). The mean age of occurrence being 28.8years and M:F ratio of 1.14:1. The commonest site of occurrence was the mandible 14(93.3%). The second commonest benign lesion found was Ossifying fibroma 12(20%). The mean age of occurrence was 22.9years . It occurred in 7(58.3%) of males and 5(41.7%) of females &
both mandible 6(50%) and maxilla 6(50%) were equally involved Malignant
lesions were 16(15%) of the total cases. 12(75%) were males and 4(25%) were females. The mean age was 29.6% .7 cases(43.8%)occurred in the maxilla, 6 (37.5% in the mandible and the rest 3(18.8%) occurred in Jaw(site not specified). Of the total 16 cases, there were 4 cases(25%) of Osteosarcoma and 4 cases (25%) of Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma
Conclusion: Odontogenic tumors, cysts and maxillofacial bone lesions show a definite geographic variation. In our study, ameloblastomas were the most frequent odontogenic tumor similar to other African studies,but significant variation form studies done in Canada and Brazil. Benign fibroosseous lesions
were the second commonest lesion which was in contrary to most
literatures. Dentigerous cyst was the commonest cyst followed by Odontogenic Keratocyst and Radicular cysts. Adefinitive diagnosis can be
made on the basis of clinical radiological, and histological findings. Knowledge of the biological and histological behavior of these lesions is required for their early detection and effective treatment.
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Keywords
Histopathologic Patterns ,Odontogenic Tumors ,CYSTS and Maxillofacial Bone Tumors