Identification of Water Supply Sources Through Physico-Chemical and Environmental Stable Isotopes Characterization of Tap Waters in Addis Ababa
| dc.contributor.advisor | Azagegn, Tilahun (PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Birhanu, Behailu (PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Siraj, Abdulhafiz | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-11-12T09:30:21Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-09T14:13:00Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-11-12T09:30:21Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-09T14:13:00Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021-06-27 | |
| dc.description.abstract | This research evaluates the physical characteristics, and the isotopic signature of tap water and the physicochemical characterization of groundwater and surface water to link water users of Addis Ababa city to their respective water supply sources. As a result of the increase in city water demand caused by increasing populations in recent years, many groundwater water supply points (pocket areas) in the city have been drilled and injected into the previous main water supply pipe lines in various areas, resulting in a complicated and unclear distribution of water supply sources. Isotopic signatures (δD, δ18O) and Electrical Conductivity (EC) of tap water samples collected from ten Addis Ababa sub-cities were used to map the spatial distribution of water supply sources. The isotopic signatures and EC measurements indicated Bole, Gulele, Addis Ketema, and Arada sub-cities heavily rely on the surface. Sub-cities such as Akaki, Nifas Silk Lafto, Lideta, Kirkos, and Yeka, on the other hand, rely heavily on groundwater. Kolfe Keraniyo, Yeka, and Kirkos sub-cities get a measurable amount of water from mixed sources (surface and groundwater). Spatial distribution of water supply sources mapped using stable isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen (δ2H and δ18O) and EC was overlaid on Addis Ababa city population distribution. The overlay map showed up to 1.9M people in the city depend on the surface water and nearly 1M people consume water abstracted from the groundwater sources. A noticeable number of the Addis Ababa city population (~800, 000) get water from both surface and groundwater supply sources. The results implied, about 50% of the Addis Ababa city population depends entirely on the surface water supply sources which are more sensitive to climate and demographic changes compared with the 25% depending on more climate-resilient groundwater supply sources. Given the current Addis Ababa city surface water supply production which only accounts the 40% of the total Addis Ababa city water supply, the dependence of a significant portion of the Addis Ababa city population may result in a continuous interruption of connectivity for part of the city which are highly dependent on the surface water supply sources. This study demonstrates applications of Physico-chemical and isotopic information to provide more sustainable and resilient urban water management perspectives which should be considered during the design and construction of water supply infrastructure. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://10.90.10.223:4000/handle/123456789/28628 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Isotopic Signature | en_US |
| dc.subject | Spatial Distribution | en_US |
| dc.subject | Tap Water | en_US |
| dc.subject | Water and Groundwater Sources | en_US |
| dc.subject | Physico-Chemical | en_US |
| dc.title | Identification of Water Supply Sources Through Physico-Chemical and Environmental Stable Isotopes Characterization of Tap Waters in Addis Ababa | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |