Identification of Reservoir Rocks, Properties and Structural Mapping of the Abay Basin in Viewing of Petroleum Exploration
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Date
2023-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The basins has unique geological characteristics and holds different types of sedimentary rocks, such as sandstones, shales, carbonates, and volcanic rocks.
The Abay (Blue Nile) Basin is located in the northwestern part of the country and covers an area of over 63,000 square kilometers. The Abay Basins covers a sizable area of the country. It includes Were Ilu, Mechale, and Legehida, which have notable oil seep exhibits.
The contribution of the Upper Sandstone reservoir rock data is gathered from prior researchers and written materials in order to develop a relevant relationship between the types of reservoir rocks and structural mapping of the study area.
In order to undertake the experimental tests for this study, samples are gathered from the field and sent to laboratory centers. In the laboratory, the chemical composition, porosity and permeability values of the reservoir rocks are determined using a representative sample that was collected from the study area.
Based on the results of the experiments, the reservoir rock for the Abay (Blue Nile) Basin formation is an Upper Sandstone reservoir rock with relatively good porosity and excellent permeability. The Upper Sandstone rocks in the Abay basin have porosity values that range from 32.31 to 34.35% and permeability values that range from 1766 to 2350 mD, which suggests that the reservoir quality is generally very good (porosity)and excellent (permeability).
During field work, it was discovered that the following fault systems were dominate in the study area. These includes; east-west (E-W) trending faults, northeast-southwest (NE-SW) trending faults, and northwest-southeast (NW-SE) trending faults. The oil and natural gas can be gathered and stored in reservoirs, the geological features called hydrocarbon traps. The presence of a petroleum system in the Abay Basin is strongly supported by the oil seepage at Were Ilu. The study area is characterized by rough structures, so airborne geophysical surveys are advised rather than ground geophysical surveys; seismic lines are needed for the study of the Abay Basin in order to delineate structural traps, stratigraphic traps, and indicate active faulting in the areas where it is possible for seismic line surveys; the basin requires further study regarding the main hydrocarbon fluids reservoir rocks, the total organic carbon contents of the source rocks and the carbonate reservoir rocks.
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Keywords
Reservoir Rocks, Structural Mapping, Petroleum Exploration, Abay Basin