The Determinants of Agricultural Productivity and Rural Household income in Ethiopia
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Date
2015-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
This paper aims at investigating the determinants of agricultural productivity and rural
household income in Ethiopia. Three econometric modes namly: Pooled ordinary least square
(POLS), fixed effects (FE) and random effects (RE) model were used to examine the
relationship between productivity and income; using Ethiopian socio-economic survey of
2011/12 and 2013/14 data, collected by CSA of Ethiopia in collaboration with the world bank.
Results showed that, Land-labor ratio, use of pesticide, manure and household size are found to
be the most significant variables that affect agricultural labor and land productivity. However,
drought has statistically significant and has negative effect on both labor and land productivity
by the same magnitude. Labor productivity, non-farm income and land productivity are found to
be the most determinants of household income. However, number of dependency ratio is
significantly and negatively affects the rural household income. Sex of the household head is the
main socio-economic factor for the variation of income among the rural households. The study
also concludes that, Labor productivity is the most potent for factor of production and rural
household income enhancement. The policy implication of the study is that, increasing landlabor
ratio is important for agricultural productivity enhancement and promotion of both farm
labor and non-farm income are best focusing to speed up for the enhancement of rural household
income.
Key words: Labor productivity, Land productivity; Rural Household income, Rural Household
Panel Data, Fixed effect model.
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Keywords
Labor productivity, Land productivity, Rural Household income, Rural Household Panel Data, Fixed effect model