Evaluation of the Molluscicidal and Cercaricidal Properties of Leaves of Datura Stramonium
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2018-01-03
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is one of the most devastating tropical diseases globally due its major cause of morbidity and mortality, and has been targeted for increased control strategies. Controlling snails through the use of molluscicides especially plant based ones is considered the best choice of controlling the disease. Studies on molluscicidal activity of plants have drawn increasing attention due to reasons such as ecological issues, high cost, and concern over emergence of resistance in snails to synthetic molluscicides. In line with this the present study evaluated the molluscicidal activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of Datura stramonium leaves against Biomphalaria pfeifferi snails as well as the cercaricidal activity against Schistosoma mansoni. Lethal concentration needed to kill 50% and 90% of the snail population of the aqueous and methanol extracts of the plant tested were computed. The LC50 value of aqueous extract for 24 and 48 h exposure against B. pfeifferi were 108.1 and 87.2 parts per million, respectively, while that of methanol extract were 111.3 and 104.1 ppm, respectively. On the other hand, the respective LC90 values of aqueous and methanol extracts for 48 h were 157.2 and 186.6 ppm. The in vitro mortality of cercariae exposed to aqueous extract of the leaves of the plant increased with increasing concentration. In conclusion, the aqueous extract of D. stramonium has moderate molluscicidal and cercaricidal activities.
Description
Keywords
Datura Stramonium, Biomphalaria Pfeifferi, Aqueous Extract, Methanol Extract, Molluscicidal, Cercaricidal, Schistosomiasis