Recovery Time from Severe Acute Malnutrition and Associated Factors among under-5 Children in Yekatit 12 Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2019-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Nearly 20 million under-five children are affected by severe acute malnutrition worldwide. In Africa, more than 14.0 million under-5 children are wasted, of which 4.1million children are severely wasted. Ethiopia is one of the countries with highest under-five child mortality rate, with malnutrition underlying to 28% of all children deaths.According to world health organization and the SPHERE project, at least 75% of childrenadmitted due to SAM should be recovered and they should be recovered in less than or equalto 28 days.
Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess recovery time from severe acutemalnutrition and associated factors among under-5 children admitted and treated in Yekatit 12Hospital.
Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Yekatit 12 hospital. The studypopulation was under-5 children with severe acute malnutrition who have been managed atYekatit 12 hospital therapeutic feeding unit. The total sample size was 423 and quantitativepretested data abstraction format was used. Kaplan Meier analysis was used to estimate time tonutritional recovery; Log rank was used to test whether the observed difference of recoverytime between different groups of predictor variables is significant or not; and Coxproportional-hazard regression analysis was carried out to determine independent predictors.
Result: The nutritional recovery rate was 81.3% and the median recovery time was 15 days(95% CI: 13.608-16.392). By controlling other factors, age, daily weight gain per Kg,vaccination status, comorbidities like pneumonia, stunting, shock, and deworming weresignificant predictors of nutritional recovery time.
Conclusion:In conclusion, the overall death rate in this study is poor compared to sphere project referencevalue. However, recovery rate, default rate and nutritional recovery time were in theacceptable range of SHHERE project reference value. Daily Wt gain of ≥8g/Kg, fullvaccination, and deworming with albendazole/mebendazole were proven to reduce nutritionalrecovery time. Conversely, older age, the presence of pneumonia, the presence of stunting, andthe presence of shock as comorbidities were proven to increase nutritional recovery time.
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Recovery time, severe acute malnutrition, under-5 children, Yekatit 12 Hospital.