Blood Pressure Control and Associated Factors among Hypertensive Patients Attending Shashemene Referral Hospital, Oromia, Ethiopia.
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Date
2019-05
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Hypertension is an important public health challenge worldwide. It is defined as persistently
elevated arterial blood pressure (BP), systolic BP (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP (DBP)
≥ 9 0 mmHg or use of antihypertensive medication in adults older than 18 years. The aim of this
study was to assess blood Pressure control and associated factors among hypertensive patients
attending the outpatient department of Shashemene referral hospital. Hospital based cross sectional
study was conducted to determine level of blood pressure control and associated factors among
hypertensive patients on medical follow-up. A medical chart review and interview was conducted
from July to October 2018. A total of 325 participants were included in this study with response
rate of 320 (98.5%). More than half of study participants were males 171 (53.4%). The mean age
of the respondents was 55.10 (SD=12.7) years and majority of the respondents 191 (59.7%) were
within age of less than 60 years old. The mean SBP was 131.80 mmHg (SD=20.92) while the mean
DBP was 82.30 mmHg (SD=10.52). About 51.30% of study participants had a controlled SBP and
54.7% had a controlled DBP as per JNC 7 while 36.9.3% and 44.4% had their SBP and DBP
controlled as per ACC/AHA 2017 guideline respectively. The overall control of BP was achieved
in 40.3% of the study participants as per JNC 7 and 31.3% as per ACC/AHA guideline.
Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age, experience of side effects, adherence
to medications, frequency of BP measuring, number of antihypertensive drugs used, duration on
antihypertensive, source of medication and physical exercise showed significant association with
blood pressure control. Blood pressure control level among chronic hypertensive patients at
outpatient department was low. Adherence to antihypertensive medications and life style related
factors, age of patients, educational level, experience of side effects, and number of
antihypertensive drugs used were important determinant factors associated with blood pressure
control among study participants. Other factors like class of antihypertensive drugs used, known
family history of hypertension and presence of other comorbidities were not significantly
associated with blood pressure control among study participants.
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Keywords
Hypertension, Blood pressure control, Adherence, Shashemene referral hospital