Evaluation of the Anti-Diarrheal Activity Of 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of the Fruits of Mimusops Kummel A. DC. (Sapotaceae) In Mice
| dc.contributor.advisor | M. Abay, Solomon(PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Molla, Mulugeta | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2018-06-22T00:29:23Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-06T08:08:04Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2018-06-22T00:29:23Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-06T08:08:04Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2016-09 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Mimusops kummel A. DC. Eshe, Shiye is one of the medicinal plants traditionally used for the treatment of diarrhea in Ethiopian folklore medicine. However, the anti-diarrheal activity of the fruits of this plant has not been scientifically validated. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the anti-diarrheal activities of both 80% MeOH and solvent fractions of the fruits of Mimusops kummel A. DC. using mice models of diarrhea. The 80% MeOH was prepared by maceration and the fractions were obtained by successive fractionation of the crude extract with solvents of increasing polarity (chloroform and n-butanol) followed by distilled water. The anti-diarrheal activities of the 80% MeOH and solvent fractions were investigated using castor oil induced diarrhea, intestinal transit and enteropooling models in mice. The anti-diarrheal index (ADI) was determined by combining all diarrhea indicators to evaluate the relative effect of the extract or fractions. For the 80% MeOH and solvent fractions, group I served as a negative control and received vehicle (distilled water or 2% tween-80, 10 ml/kg) orally; groups II-IV were test groups and received various doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) of the extract or fractions, respectively and group V served as a positive control and given a standard drug, 3 mg/kg loperamide hydrochloride orally. In the castor oil induced diarrheal model, the 80% MeOH significantly delayed onset of diarrhea and reduced the number and weight of wet and total feces at all tested doses significantly as compared with the negative control (p<0.05). In this model the chloroform, n-butanol and aqueous fractions significantly delayed onset of diarrhea at all tested doses. The n-butanol and aqueous fractions at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg and chloroform fraction at 400 mg/kg significantly reduced the number and weight of wet feces when compared with negative control (p<0.05). The n-butanol and aqueous fractions at all tested doses and the chloroform fraction at 400 mg/kg significantly decreased the number and weight of total fecal output. Results from the charcoal meal test revealed that the 80% MeOH as well as all the fractions produced a significant antimotility effect at all tested doses as compared with the IV negative control (p<0.05). In the enteropooling test, the 80% MeOH as well as the n-butanol and aqueous fractions (at all tested doses) produced a significant decline in the volume and weight of intestinal contents, whereas the chloroform fraction revealed appreciable effect (p<0.05) only at 400 mg/kg when compared to negative control. The highest ADI was obtained with the dose of 400 mg/kg of the 80% MeOH, which was comparable to that produced by the standard drug, 3 mg/kg loperamide hydrochloride. Generally, this study demonstrated that the 80% MeOH, n-butanol and aqueous fractions produced anti-diarrheal activities due to dual inhibitory effect on castor oil induced intestinal motility and fluid secretion, with the aqueous fraction being the most active fraction among solvent fractions in all the three models. This research finding provides a scientific evidence for acclaimed traditional use of Mimusops kummel fruits for treatment of diarrheal diseases and recommends further research to characterize molecules with anti-diarrheal activity. Key words: anti-diarrheal activity, castor oil induced diarrhea, gastrointestinal transit, Mimusops kummel | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/2828 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Anti-diarrheal activity; Castor oil induced diarrhea; Gastrointestinal transit, Mimusops kummel | en_US |
| dc.title | Evaluation of the Anti-Diarrheal Activity Of 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of the Fruits of Mimusops Kummel A. DC. (Sapotaceae) In Mice | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |