Estimation of total oxidative stress and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels in malaria patients in logia Dubti area, afar, Ethiopia: a case control study
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Date
2018-06
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Addis Ababa Universty
Abstract
Background: Malaria is still a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Out of the five
Plasmodium species that cause malaria infection, P. falciparum is the deadliest. Total Oxidative
Stress might be increased in malaria patients. This may originate from several sources including
intracellular parasitized erythrocytes and extra-erythrocytes as a result of haemolysis and host
immune response. This might lead to oxidative stress induced oxidation of hemoglobin to
methemoglobin (will not have a normal function like the normal hemoglobin) and will cause
further complication in the malaria patients.
Aim of the study: To estimate the total oxidative stress and non-enzymatic antioxidant levels
in malaria patients at Dubti Referral Hospital, Afar, Ethiopia, from October 2017- June 2018.
Methodology: A case control study was undertaken with 60 malaria patients and 40 healthy
controls. The severity of malaria was determined by density of parasitemia. Out of total 60
malaria patients, 32 were low, 16 moderate and remaining 12 were high parasitemia malaria
patients. Levels of Total Oxidant Stress, Total Anti-Oxidant Capacity, Oxidative Stress Index,
Uric Acid, Albumin, Total Bilirubin and Direct Bilirubin were measured in patients and healthy
controls.
Result: The ratio of total oxidative stress and total antioxidative capacity, uric acid, total
bilirubin and direct bilirubin were significantly increased in serum of malaria patients (30.47,
4.67mg/l, 2.65mg/l, and 3.37mg/l respectively) compared to healthy control groups (8.10,
4.1mg/l, 1.5mg/l, and 2.6mg/l respectively) (p<0.05). However, the serum level of albumin was
significantly decreased in malaria patients compared to healthy control groups.
Conclusion: Oxidative stress induced complications are important causes of severity as well
as morbidity and mortality of malaria infection. Avoiding conditions that maximize oxidative
status like alcohol, cigarette smoking etc and taking diets with antioxidant power like fruits and
vegetables will help avert oxidative stress induced severity.
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Keywords
Malaria parasite, Total Oxidant Stress, Total Antioxidant capacity, Oxidative stress index, Uric Acid, Albumin, Total Bilirubin and Direct Bilirubin.