Prevalence and Predictors of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome among Neonates Admitted in Governmental Hospitals in Addiss Ababa Ethiopia 2021
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Date
2021-05
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: - Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is a life-threatening respiratory disease
occurring when neonates aspirate meconium-stained amniotic fluid near or around birth with
varying severity. An average of 8% to 25% live birth neonates with meconium-stained amniotic
fluid have delivery complications and from these around 5% of them develop MAS with a 50%
chance of needing for mechanical ventilation. There is a paucity of literatures in the study area
regarding the study topic. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors
of meconium aspiration syndrome among neonates admitted in NICU of governmental hospitals in
Addis Ababa Ethiopia.Methods: - An institutional based retrospective cross-sectional study
design was employed to collect data from February to Mach 2021. A three-year chart review from
January 2018 to January 2021 was conducted. The data was collected by using structured
questionnaire. Systematic random sampling technique was used to involve the estimated
study participants (268). Factors associated with meconium aspiration syndrome were determined
using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Statistically significant associations
were declared at P value less than or equal to 0.05.Result: The findings from this study revealed
that 30.6% were diagnosed to have meconium aspiration syndrome. Factors associated with
meconium aspiration syndrome included being post term (Adj OR=17.548 95% CI
(2.894,106.413)), first minute APGAR score of 7-10 (Adj OR=17.548 95% CI (2.894,106.413)),
duration of labor from 12-24 hour (Adj OR=4.98 95% CI (1.677, 14.792)) and maternal blood
group of AB (Adj OR=0.118 95% CI (0.029, 0.470).Conclusion and recommendation: In this
study almost 1/3 of the neonates had developed meconium aspirarion syndrome which indicates
for the initiate delivery before 40 completed weeks of gestation and anticipation of neonatal
resuscitation for neonates born from blood group of AB mothers. Key words: -MAS, neonate,
respiratory distress and MASF.
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Keywords
Neonates , Meconium Aspiration