Factors Associated With Low Birth Weight among Recent Delivery in Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2021-09
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction: Birth weight is one of the most predictive factors of child death in the first few
months of life and is an important indicator of Newborns' health. The incidence of low birth
weight is estimated to be 16% worldwide, 19% in developing countries, and 7% in the developed
countries. Currently, thirteen percent of Ethiopian babies are low birth weight and different
studies reported that, the prevalence of low birth weight accounts about 8.8% and 10.5% in
Addis Ababa and Tigray region, respectively. This study has primarily aimed to assess the
factors associated with newborn birth weight in selected Addis Ababa Public Hospitals.
Methods and Materials: Data collection for the present study was conducted in Addis Ababa
from March 2021 to April 2021. A facility-based Cross-sectional study was employed among 466
mothers who gave birth in public hospitals during the study period. Primary data was collected
using a structured questionnaire which is adopted from previous studies. The sample size was
calculated by Epi Info calc using an assumption of 95% CI, 80% power, 20.6 percent exposed,
10.4 percent unexposed and 2.2 adjusted odds ratio. To recruit the study participants, systematic
random sampling was used. Univariate, bivariate, & multiple logistic regression analyses were
done. Adjusted odds ratios were used to identify the association between the key predictors and
the dependent variable. All statistical tests used in this study were two-sided and a significant
association was declared at a p-value < 0.05.
Result: Of the total respondents, 12.4% of them gave birth to low birth weight infants. The
median age of the participant was registered to be 28yrs (IQR=7) and 92.3% of them were
married. The results of multivariable logistic regression showed the number of ante natal care
visit (AOR=0.4, 95% CI 0.17-0.99), presence of abnormal uterine bleeding (AOR=10.9, 95% CI
2.5-15.8), Experiencing of Pre-eclampsia or Eclampsia (AOR 9.5, 95% CI 4.8-10.8), having
Anemia (AOR=3.3, 95% CI 3.1-3.6), Chewing khat during recent pregnancy (AOR=7.9, 95% CI
3.9-16.1), and pre-pregnancy maternal nutritional status (AOR=0.2, 95% CI 0.1-0.5) were found
to be key determinants of low birth weight among the study population.
Conclusion: - Encouraging the pregnant mother to have frequent ante natal care visits,
behavioral change communications targeting pregnant mother in improving women's nutritional
status, and reducing maternal toxic exposures should be priority areas of interventions to curb
the problem
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Keywords
LBW, Associated factors, Recent delivery