The Effect of Crude Leaf Extracts of Osyris quadripartita Salzm. ex Decne against Plasmodium berghei inSwiss Albino Mice
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2014-10
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa Universty
Abstract
Continuous emergence of multi-drug-resistant malaria parasites and their rapid spread across the
globe warrant urgent search for new anti-malaria chemotherapeutics. Traditional medicinal
plants have been the main sources for screening active phytochemicals against malaria.
Accordingly, this study was aimed at evaluating the anti-malarial activity of Osyris quadripartita
Decn.which is used for malaria treatment by local people around Fiche, north-central Ethiopia.
Using aqueous, chloroform and methanol crude leaf extracts of the plant have been prepared and
tested for toxicity and anti-malarial efficacy in Plasmodium berghei-infectedSwiss albino mice.
Methanol solvent gave the highest yield of the plant extract. Acute toxicity study results
indicated that the plant extract did not show any sign of toxicity up to 2000mg/kg. To assess the
effect of the plants on the parasite, a 4-day suppressive standard test was performed. Data were
analyzed using paired t-test and ANOVA. Both aqueous and methanol extract of O.quadripartita
significantly (P<0.05) suppressed parasitemia and prevented packed cell volume (PCV)
reduction and body weight gain in dose dependent manner.In addition, they prolonged the mean
survival time. On the contrary, chloroform extract of O. quadripartita significantly (P<0.05)
inhibited parasitemia, prevented body weight loss, prevented PCV reduction and prolonged
survival time in all doses. The most efficacious extract was that of chloroform, which showed the
highest parasitaemia suppression (41.26%) at 600mg/kg whereas its methanol extract caused
24.4% suppression at 200 mg/kg dose tested. Furthermore, aqueous extract of the plant showed
21.67% suppression at the same dose tested. The finding supports the traditional use of the plants
for the treatment of malariathough parasite clearance was not achieved.Further evaluation of this
plant is, however, needed before it is recommended for the control of malaria.
Key words: Antimalarial activity, Osyris quadripartita,invivo, Plasmodium berghei, Swiss
albino mice, Ethiopia
Description
Keywords
Antimalarial activity, Osyris quadripartita,invivo, Plasmodium berghei, Swiss albino mice, Ethiopia